Hydroxychloroquine use against SARS-CoV-2 infection in non-human primates
Maisonnasse et al.,
Hydroxychloroquine use against SARS-CoV-2 infection in non-human primates,
Nature, 2020, doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2558-4 (date from earlier preprint)
Monkey study which reports no effect of HCQ or HCQ+AZ. However, there are several signs of effectiveness despite the very small sample sizes and 100% recovery of all treated and control monkeys.
58% reduction in lung lesions: the final day lung lesion data shows 63% of control monkeys have lesions, while 26% of treated monkeys do,
p=0.095 (the final day data is missing for 7 monkeys, these are predicted based on the day 5 results and the trend of comparable monkeys).
97% increase in viral load recovery after one week: 3 of 8 control monkeys (38%) have recovered with <= 4 log10 copies/mL viral load, compared to 17 of 23 treated monkeys (74%),
p=0.095. 3 of 8 (38%) control monkeys also have a higher peak viral load than 100% of the 23 treated monkeys post-treatment. The group with the lowest peak viral load is the PrEP group.
All animals were infected with the same initial viral load, whereas real-world infections vary in the initial viral load, and lower inital viral loads allow greater time to mount an immune response.
Severity of disease is not analyzed as compared to humans. The steep viral drops observed could also be related to immune system response.
Maisonnasse et al., 6 May 2020, peer-reviewed, 24 authors.
Abstract: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2558-4
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Hydroxychloroquine use against SARSCoV-2 infection in non-human primates
Received: 30 April 2020
Accepted: 10 July 2020
Accelerated Article Preview
Published online 22 July 2020
Cite this article as: Maisonnasse, P. et al.
Hydroxychloroquine use against
SARS-CoV-2 infection in non-human
primates. Nature https://doi.org/10.1038/
s41586-020-2558-4 (2020).
Pauline Maisonnasse, Jérémie Guedj, Vanessa Contreras, Sylvie Behillil, Caroline Solas,
Romain Marlin, Thibaut Naninck, Andres Pizzorno, Julien Lemaitre, Antonio Gonçalves,
Nidhal Kahlaoui, Olivier Terrier, Raphael Ho Tsong Fang, Vincent Enouf,
Nathalie Dereuddre-Bosquet, Angela Brisebarre, Franck Touret, Catherine Chapon,
Bruno Hoen, Bruno Lina, Manuel Rosa Calatrava, Sylvie van der Werf, Xavier de Lamballerie &
Roger Le Grand
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Article
Hydroxychloroquine use against SARSCoV-2 infection in non-human primates
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https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2558-4
Received: 30 April 2020
Accepted: 10 July 2020
Published online: 22 July 2020
Pauline Maisonnasse1,11, Jérémie Guedj2,11, Vanessa Contreras1,11, Sylvie Behillil3,4,11, Caroline
Solas5,11, Romain Marlin1,11, Thibaut Naninck1, Andres Pizzorno6, Julien Lemaitre1, Antonio
Gonçalves2, Nidhal Kahlaoui1, Olivier Terrier6, Raphael Ho Tsong Fang1, Vincent Enouf3,4,10,
Nathalie Dereuddre-Bosquet1, Angela Brisebarre3,4, Franck Touret8, Catherine Chapon1,
Bruno Hoen9, Bruno Lina6,7, Manuel Rosa Calatrava6, Sylvie van der Werf3,4, Xavier de
Lamballerie8 & Roger Le Grand1 ✉
COVID-19 has rapidly become a pandemic for which no antiviral drug or vaccine is yet
available2–4. Several clinical studies are ongoing to evaluate the efficacy of repurposed
drugs that have demonstrated antiviral efficacy in vitro. Among these candidates,
hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has been given to thousands of individuals worldwide but
definitive evidence for HCQ efficacy in treatment of COVID-19 is still missing6,7,17,18.
We evaluated the antiviral activity of HCQ both in vitro and in SARS-CoV-2-infected
macaques. HCQ showed antiviral activity in African green monkey kidney cells
(VeroE6) but not in a model of reconstituted human airway epithelium. In macaques,
we tested different treatment strategies in comparison to placebo, before and after
peak viral load, alone or in combination with azithromycin (AZTH). Neither HCQ nor
HCQ+AZTH showed a significant effect on the viral load levels in any of the tested
compartments. When the drug was used as a pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), HCQ
did not confer protection against acquisition of infection. Our findings do not support
the use of HCQ, either alone or in combination with AZTH, as an antiviral treatment
for COVID-19 in humans.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is characterized by initial mild..
Please send us corrections, updates, or comments. Vaccines and
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be used based on risk/benefit analysis. No treatment, vaccine, or intervention
is 100% available and effective for all current and future variants. We do not
provide medical advice. Before taking any medication, consult a qualified
physician who can provide personalized advice and details of risks and
benefits based on your medical history and situation.
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