Andreani: In vitro testing of combined hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin on SARS-CoV-2 shows synergistic effect [HCQ]

In vitro testing of combined hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin on SARS-CoV-2 shows synergistic effect

Andreani et al., Microbial Pathogenesis, doi:/10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104228 (In Vitro)

Andreani et al., In vitro testing of combined hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin on SARS-CoV-2 shows synergistic effect, Microbial Pathogenesis, doi:/10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104228 (In Vitro)

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In Vitro study showing that HCQ and AZ have a synergistic effect on SARS-CoV-2 at concentrations compatible with that obtained in human lung.

14 In Vitro studies support the efficacy of HCQ [Andreani, Clementi, Dang, Delandre, Faísca, Hoffmann, Liu, Ou, Purwati, Sheaff, Wang, Wang (B), Yao, Yuan].

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1. Andreani et al., Microbial Pathogenesis, doi:/10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104228, In vitro testing of combined hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin on SARS-CoV-2 shows synergistic effect, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0882401020305155.

2. Clementi et al., Front. Microbiol., 10 July 2020, doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.01704 (preprint 3/31), Combined Prophylactic and Therapeutic Use Maximizes Hydroxychloroquine Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Effects in vitro, https://www.frontiersin.org/articl..ign=ECO_FCIMB_XXXXXXXX_auto-dlvrit.

3. Dang et al., bioRxiv, doi:10.1101/2021.03.16.435741, Structural basis of anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of hydroxychloroquine: specific binding to NTD/CTD and disruption of LLPS of N protein, https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.03.16.435741v1.

4. Delandre et al., Pharmaceuticals, doi:10.3390/ph15040445, Antiviral Activity of Repurposing Ivermectin against a Panel of 30 Clinical SARS-CoV-2 Strains Belonging to 14 Variants, https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/15/4/445.

5. Faísca et al., Pharmaceutics, doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics14040877, Enhanced In Vitro Antiviral Activity of Hydroxychloroquine Ionic Liquids against SARS-CoV-2, https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/14/4/877.

6. Hoffmann et al., Nature, (2020), doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2575-3, Chloroquine does not inhibit infection of human lung cells with SARS-CoV-2, https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2575-3.

7. Liu et al., Cell Discovery 6, 16 (2020), doi:10.1038/s41421-020-0156-0, Hydroxychloroquine, a less toxic derivative of chloroquine, is effective in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro, https://www.nature.com/articles/s41421-020-0156-0.

8. Ou et al., PLOS Pathogens, doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1009212 (preprint 7/22), Hydroxychloroquine-mediated inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 entry is attenuated by TMPRSS2, https://journals.plos.org/plospath..le?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1009212.

9. Purwati et al., PLOS One, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0252302, An in vitro study of dual drug combinations of anti-viral agents, antibiotics, and/or hydroxychloroquine against the SARS-CoV-2 virus isolated from hospitalized patients in Surabaya, Indonesia, https://journals.plos.org/plosone/..le?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0252302.

10. Sheaff, R., bioRxiv, doi:10.1101/2020.08.02.232892, A New Model of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Based on (Hydroxy)Chloroquine Activity, https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.08.02.232892v1.

11. Wang et al., Phytomedicine, doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153333, Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine as ACE2 blockers to inhibit viropexis of 2019-nCoV Spike pseudotyped virus, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7467095/.

12. Wang (B) et al., Cell Res. 30, 269–271, doi:L10.1038/s41422-020-0282-0, Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro, https://www.nature.com/articles/s4..iVs8_7R1KkwOuqjRhx7psfHV6iSDRD1cM0.

13. Yao et al., Clin. Infect. Dis., 2020 Mar 9, doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa237, In Vitro Antiviral Activity and Projection of Optimized Dosing Design of Hydroxychloroquine for the Treatment of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), https://academic.oup.com/cid/advan..le/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa237/5801998.

14. Yuan et al., Communications Biology, doi:10.1038/s42003-022-03841-8, Hydroxychloroquine blocks SARS-CoV-2 entry into the endocytic pathway in mammalian cell culture, https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-022-03841-8.

Andreani et al., 25 Apr 2020, peer-reviewed, 11 authors.

In Vitro studies are an important part of preclinical research, however results may be very different in vivo.

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Abstract: Microbial Pathogenesis 145 (2020) 104228 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Microbial Pathogenesis journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/micpath In vitro testing of combined hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin on SARSCoV-2 shows synergistic eﬀect T Julien Andreania,b, Marion Le Bideaua,b, Isabelle Duﬂota,b, Priscilla Jardota,b, Clara Rollanda,b, Manon Boxbergera,b, Nathalie Wurtza,b, Jean-Marc Rolaina,b, Philippe Colsona,b, Bernard La Scolaa,b,∗∗, Didier Raoulta,b,∗ a b IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Marseille, France A R T I C LE I N FO A B S T R A C T Keywords: 2019-nCoV SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Hydroxychloroquine Azithromycin Vero E6 Human coronaviruses SARS-CoV-2 appeared at the end of 2019 and led to a pandemic with high morbidity and mortality. As there are currently no eﬀective drugs targeting this virus, drug repurposing represents a short-term strategy to treat millions of infected patients at low costs. Hydroxychloroquine showed an antiviral eﬀect in vitro. In vivo it showed eﬃcacy, especially when combined with azithromycin in a preliminary clinical trial. Here we demonstrate that the combination of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin has a synergistic eﬀect in vitro on SARS-CoV-2 at concentrations compatible with that obtained in human lung.

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