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Inhibitory capacity of Chloroquine against SARS-COV-2 by effective binding with Angiotensin converting enzyme-2 receptor: An insight from molecular docking and MD-simulation studies

Baildya et al., Journal of Molecular Structure, doi:10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.129891
Jan 2021  
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HCQ for COVID-19
1st treatment shown to reduce risk in March 2020
 
*, now with p < 0.00000000001 from 411 studies, recognized in 46 countries.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine treatments. * >10% efficacy, ≥3 studies.
4,500+ studies for 81 treatments. c19hcq.org
Molecular docking study of 16 drugs showing CQ had the highest binding affinity with ACE2, and molecular dynamics study of the docked CQ-ACE2 structure. Authors conclude that CQ binds reasonably strongly with ACE2 and the stable ACE2-CQ may prevent further binding of ACE2 with the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.
36 preclinical studies support the efficacy of HCQ for COVID-19:
Baildya et al., 7 Jan 2021, peer-reviewed, 3 authors.
In Silico studies are an important part of preclinical research, however results may be very different in vivo.
This PaperHCQAll
Inhibitory capacity of chloroquine against SARS-COV-2 by effective binding with angiotensin converting enzyme-2 receptor: An insight from molecular docking and MD-simulation studies
Nabajyoti Baildya, Narendra Nath Ghosh, Asoke P Chattopadhyay
Journal of Molecular Structure, doi:10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.129891
The main binding site for SARS-COV-2 spike protein in human body is human Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) protein receptor. Herein we present the effect of chloroquine (CLQ) on human ACE2 receptor. Molecular docking studies showed that chloroquine have a docking score is quite high compare to other well known drugs. Furthermore, molecular dynamics (MD) studies with CLQ docked ACE2 results in large fluctuations on RMSD up to 2.3 ns, indicating conformational and rotational changes due to the presence of drug molecule in the ACE2 moiety. Analysis of results showed that CLQ can effect the conformation of human ACE2 receptor. We believed that this work will help researchers to understand better the effect of CLQ on ACE2.
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