Analgesics
Antiandrogens
Antihistamines
Azvudine
Bromhexine
Budesonide
Colchicine
Conv. Plasma
Curcumin
Famotidine
Favipiravir
Fluvoxamine
Hydroxychlor..
Ivermectin
Lifestyle
Melatonin
Metformin
Minerals
Molnupiravir
Monoclonals
Naso/orophar..
Nigella Sativa
Nitazoxanide
PPIs
Paxlovid
Quercetin
Remdesivir
Thermotherapy
Vitamins
More

Other
Feedback
Home
Top
Abstract
All HCQ studies
Meta analysis
 
Feedback
Home
next
study
previous
study
c19hcq.org COVID-19 treatment researchHCQHCQ (more..)
Melatonin Meta
Metformin Meta
Antihistamines Meta
Azvudine Meta Molnupiravir Meta
Bromhexine Meta
Budesonide Meta
Colchicine Meta Nigella Sativa Meta
Conv. Plasma Meta Nitazoxanide Meta
Curcumin Meta PPIs Meta
Famotidine Meta Paxlovid Meta
Favipiravir Meta Quercetin Meta
Fluvoxamine Meta Remdesivir Meta
Hydroxychlor.. Meta Thermotherapy Meta
Ivermectin Meta

All Studies   Meta Analysis       

Correct Use of HCQ Did Not Cause Extra Fatalities in COVID-19 Infection

Boretti et al., Coronaviruses, doi:10.2174/0126667975327612240902104505
Sep 2024  
  Post
  Facebook
Share
  Source   PDF   All Studies   Meta AnalysisMeta
HCQ for COVID-19
1st treatment shown to reduce risk in March 2020, now with p < 0.00000000001 from 419 studies, recognized in 46 countries.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine treatments.
5,100+ studies for 109 treatments. c19hcq.org
Critical analysis challenging a recent meta-analysis claiming hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) use caused excess deaths in COVID-19 treatment. The authors argue the meta-analysis relied on flawed data, ignored positive evidence, and failed to account for confounding factors. Reviewing the full body of evidence, they assert HCQ, especially combined with zinc and antibiotics, consistently showed positive outcomes when used early. The critique emphasizes the importance of early intervention, proper dosage, and considering all available data for an objective assessment of HCQ's impact on COVID-19.
Reviews covering hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19 include1-26.
Boretti et al., 10 Sep 2024, peer-reviewed, 2 authors. Contact: a.a.boretti@gmail.com.
This PaperHCQAll
Correct Use of HCQ Did Not Cause Extra Fatalities in COVID-19 Infection
Alberto Boretti, Bimal Banik
Coronaviruses, doi:10.2174/0126667975327612240902104505
A recent study has claimed that nearly 17,000 people in the U.S. and five other countries died prematurely during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic due to the compassionate use of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) for treatment. However, this study's conclusions are contentious due to reliance on flawed data and the neglect of significant evidence supporting HCQ's efficacy in early outpatient treatment. Our critique challenges the validity of the study, highlighting its methodological weaknesses and the confounding factors it overlooked. By reviewing the comprehensive body of scientific literature, we demonstrate that treatment with HCQ, particularly in combination with zinc and antibiotics, consistently yielded positive outcomes, especially in the early stages. This work aims to provide a balanced and objective assessment of HCQ's impact on COVID-19, emphasizing the importance of early intervention and proper dosage.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST The authors declare no conflict of interest, financial or otherwise.
References
Agusti, Guillen, Ayora, Efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine in healthcare professionals with mild SARS-CoV-2 infection: Prospective, non-randomized trial, Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin
Amaravadi, Giles, Carberry, Hydroxychloroquine for SARS-CoV-2 positive patients quarantined at home: The first interim analysis of a remotely conducted randomized clinical trial, medRxiv, doi:10.1101/2021.02.22.21252228
Ashraf, Shokouhi, Shirali, COVID-19 in Iran, a comprehensive investigation from exposure to treatment outcomes, MedRxiv
Atipornwanich, Kongsaengdao, Harnsomburana, darunavirritonavir, high-dose oseltamivir, and hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19: A randomized controlled trial (FIGHT-COVID-19 study)
Avezum, Oliveira, Oliveira, Hydroxychloroquine versus placebo in the treatment of non-hospitalised patients with COVID-19 (COPE-Coalition V): A double-blind, multicentre, randomised, controlled trial, The Lancet Reg Health-Americas
Azhar, Akram, Latif, Effectiveness of early pharmaceutical interventions in symptomatic COVID-19 patients: A randomized clinical trial, Pak J Med Sci, doi:10.12669/pjms.40.5.8757
Bernabeu-Wittel, Vega, Nieto-Martín, Effectiveness of an on-site medicalization program for nursing homes with COVID-19 outbreaks, J Gerontol A
Cadegiani, Goren, Wambier, Mccoy, Early COVID-19 therapy with azithromycin plus nitazoxanide, ivermectin or hydroxychloroquine in outpatient settings significantly improved COVID-19 outcomes compared to known outcomes in untreated patients, New Microbes New Infect, doi:10.1016/j.nmni.2021.100915
Chechter, Da Silva, Costa, Evaluation of patients treated by telemedicine in the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in São Paulo, Brazil: A non-randomized clinical trial preliminary study, Heliyon, doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15337PMID:37073324
Corradini, Ventura, Ageno, Clinical factors associated with death in 3044 COVID-19 patients managed in internal medicine wards in Italy: Results from the SIMI-COVID-19 study of the Italian Society of Internal Medicine (SIMI), Intern Emerg Med, doi:10.1007/s11739-021-02742-8PMID:33893976
Derwand, Scholz, Zelenko, COVID-19 outpatients: Early risk-stratified treatment with zinc plus low-dose hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin: A retrospective case series study, Int J Antimicrob Agents, doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.106214
Esper, Da Silva, Oikawa, Empirical treatment with hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin for suspected cases of COVID-19 followed-up by telemedicine
Fonseca, De, Sousa, Wolkoff, Risk of hospitalization for Covid-19 outpatients treated with various drug regimens in Brazil: Comparative analysis, Travel Med Infect Dis, doi:10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101906
Gautret, Lagier, Parola, Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: Results of an open-label non-randomized clinical trial, Int J Antimicrob Agents, doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105949
Guisado-Vasco, Valderas-Ortega, Clinical characteristics and outcomes among hospitalized adults with severe COVID-19 admitted to a tertiary medical center and receiving antiviral, antimalarials, glucocorticoids, or immunomodulation with tocilizumab or cyclosporine: A retrospective observational study (COQUIMA cohort), EClinicalMedicine, doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100591
Guérin, Lévy, Thomas, Azithromycin and hydroxychloroquine accelerate recovery of outpatients with mild/moderate COVID-19
Heras, Garibaldi, Boix, COVID-19 mortality risk factors in older people in a long-term care center, Eur Geriatr Med, doi:10.1007/s41999-020-00432-wPMID:33245505
Hong, Jang, Hur, Early hydroxychloroquine administration for rapid severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 eradication, Infect Chemother, doi:10.3947/ic.2020.52.3.396
Huang, Li, Xiao, Preliminary evidence from a multicenter prospective observational study of the safety and efficacy of chloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19, Natl Sci Rev, doi:10.1093/nsr/nwaa113PMID:34676087
Ip, Ahn, Zhou, Hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of outpatients with mildly symptomatic COVID-19: A multi-center observational study, BMC Infect Dis, doi:10.1186/s12879-021-05773-wPMID:33446136
Kirenga, Muttamba, Kayongo, Characteristics and outcomes of admitted patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Uganda, BMJ Open Respir Res, doi:10.1136/bmjresp-2020-000646PMID:32900781
Ly, Zanini, Laforge, Pattern of SARS-CoV-2 infection among dependant elderly residents living in long-term care facilities in Marseille, France, March-June 2020, Int J Antimicrob Agents, doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.106219
Million, Lagier, Tissot-Dupont, Early treatment with hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin in 10,429 COVID-19 outpatients: A monocentric retrospective cohort study, Rev Cardiovasc Med, doi:10.31083/j.rcm2203116PMID:34565108
Mitjà, Corbacho-Monné, Ubals, Tebe, Peñafiel et al., Hydroxychloroquine for early treatment of adults with mild Covid-19: A randomized-controlled trial, Clin Infect Dis, doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa1009PMID:32674126
Mokhtari, Mohraz, Gouya, Clinical outcomes of patients with mild COVID-19 following treatment with hydroxychloroquine in an outpatient setting, Int Immunopharmacol, doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107636
Omrani, Pathan, Thomas, Randomized doubleblinded placebo-controlled trial of hydroxychloroquine with or without azithromycin for virologic cure of non-severe Covid-19, EClinicalMedicine, doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100645
Pradelle, Mainbourg, Provencher, Massy, Grenet et al., Deaths induced by compassionate use of hydroxychloroquine during the first COVID-19 wave: An estimate, Biomed Pharmacother, doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116055
Rathod, Kargirwar, Patel, Kumar, Shalia et al., Risk factors associated with covid-19 patients in India: A single center retrospective cohort study, J Assoc Physicians India
Rodrigues, Freitas-Santos, Levi, Hydroxychloroquine plus azithromycin early treatment of mild COVID-19 in an outpatient setting: A randomized, double-blinded, placebocontrolled clinical trial evaluating viral clearance, Int J Antimicrob Agents, doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2021.106428
Rouamba, Ouédraogo, Barry, Assessment of recovery time, worsening, and death among inpatients and outpatients with COVID-19, treated with hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine plus azithromycin combination in Burkina Faso, Int J Infect Dis, doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2022.02.034
Roy, Samajdar, Tripathi, Mukherjee, Bhattacharjee, Outcome of different therapeutic interventions in mild covid-19 patients in a single opd clinic of West Bengal: A retrospective study, medRxiv, doi:10.1101/2021.03.08.21252883
Roy-García, Moreno-Noguez, Rivas-Ruiz, Efficacy and safety of fixed combination of hydroxychloroquine with azithromycin versus hydroxychloroquine and placebo in patients with mild covid-19: Randomized, double blind, placebo controlled trial, medRxiv, doi:10.1101/2022.04.06.22273531
Sawanpanyalert, Sirijatuphat, Sangsayunh, Assessement of outcomes following implementation of antiviral treatment guidelines for COVID-19 during the first wave in Thailand, Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health
Simova, Vekov, Krasnaliev, Kornovski, Bozhinov, Hydroxychloroquine for prophylaxis and treatment of COVID-19 in health-care workers, New Microbes New Infect, doi:10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100813
Skipper, Pastick, Engen, Hydroxychloroquine in nonhospitalized adults with early COVID-19: A randomized trial, Ann Intern Med, doi:10.7326/M20-4207PMID:32673060
Sobngwi, Zemsi, Guewo, Doxycycline vs hydroxychloroquine + azithromycin in the management of covid-19 patients: An open-label randomized clinical trial in Sub-Saharan Africa (DOXYCOV), Cureus, doi:10.7759/cureus.45619PMID:37868535
Su, Ling, Ma, Efficacy of early hydroxychloroquine treatment in preventing COVID-19 pneumonia aggravation, the experience from Shanghai, China, Biosci Trends, doi:10.5582/bst.2020.03340PMID:33342929
Sulaiman, Mohana, Alawdah, The effect of early hydroxychloroquine-based therapy in COVID-19 patients in ambulatory care settings: A nationwide prospective cohort study, MedRxiv, doi:10.1101/2020.09.09.20184143
Yu, Li, Chen, Li, Jiang et al., Beneficial effects exerted by hydroxychloroquine in treating COVID-19 patients via protecting multiple organs, Sci China Life Sci, doi:10.1007/s11427-020-1782-1PMID:32761451
{ 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2024, 9, 25]], 'date-time': '2024-09-25T04:11:07Z', 'timestamp': 1727237467904}, 'reference-count': 0, 'publisher': 'Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.', 'content-domain': {'domain': [], 'crossmark-restriction': False}, 'published-print': {'date-parts': [[2024, 9, 10]]}, 'abstract': '<jats:sec>\n' '<jats:title>Abstract:</jats:title>\n' '<jats:p>A recent study has claimed that nearly 17,000 people in the U.S. and five other ' 'countries\n' 'died prematurely during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic due to the compassionate ' 'use of\n' "hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) for treatment. However, this study's conclusions are contentious due " 'to\n' "reliance on flawed data and the neglect of significant evidence supporting HCQ's efficacy in " 'early\n' 'outpatient treatment. Our critique challenges the validity of the study, highlighting its ' 'methodological\n' 'weaknesses and the confounding factors it overlooked. By reviewing the comprehensive body of\n' 'scientific literature, we demonstrate that treatment with HCQ, particularly in combination ' 'with zinc\n' 'and antibiotics, consistently yielded positive outcomes, especially in the early stages. This ' 'work aims\n' "to provide a balanced and objective assessment of HCQ's impact on COVID-19, emphasizing the\n" 'importance of early intervention and proper dosage.</jats:p>\n' '</jats:sec>', 'DOI': '10.2174/0126667975327612240902104505', 'type': 'journal-article', 'created': {'date-parts': [[2024, 9, 24]], 'date-time': '2024-09-24T04:17:19Z', 'timestamp': 1727151439000}, 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 0, 'title': 'Correct Use of HCQ Did Not Cause Extra Fatalities in COVID-19 Infection', 'prefix': '10.2174', 'volume': '05', 'author': [ { 'given': 'Alberto', 'family': 'Boretti', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Independent Scientist, Wellington, New Zealand'}]}, { 'given': 'Bimal', 'family': 'Banik', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, College of ' 'Sciences and Human Studies, Deanship of Research, Prince ' 'Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al Khobar, Kingdom of Saudi ' 'Arabia'}]}], 'member': '965', 'container-title': 'Coronaviruses', 'original-title': [], 'language': 'en', 'deposited': { 'date-parts': [[2024, 9, 24]], 'date-time': '2024-09-24T04:17:39Z', 'timestamp': 1727151459000}, 'score': 1, 'resource': {'primary': {'URL': 'https://www.eurekaselect.com/233910/article'}}, 'subtitle': [], 'short-title': [], 'issued': {'date-parts': [[2024, 9, 10]]}, 'references-count': 0, 'alternative-id': ['LiveAll1'], 'URL': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0126667975327612240902104505', 'relation': {}, 'ISSN': ['2666-7967'], 'subject': [], 'container-title-short': 'COVID', 'published': {'date-parts': [[2024, 9, 10]]}}
Loading..
Please send us corrections, updates, or comments. c19early involves the extraction of 100,000+ datapoints from thousands of papers. Community updates help ensure high accuracy. Treatments and other interventions are complementary. All practical, effective, and safe means should be used based on risk/benefit analysis. No treatment or intervention is 100% available and effective for all current and future variants. We do not provide medical advice. Before taking any medication, consult a qualified physician who can provide personalized advice and details of risks and benefits based on your medical history and situation. FLCCC and WCH provide treatment protocols.
  or use drag and drop   
Submit