Analgesics
Antiandrogens
Antihistamines
Azvudine
Bromhexine
Budesonide
Colchicine
Conv. Plasma
Curcumin
Famotidine
Favipiravir
Fluvoxamine
Hydroxychlor..
Ivermectin
Lifestyle
Melatonin
Metformin
Minerals
Molnupiravir
Monoclonals
Naso/orophar..
Nigella Sativa
Nitazoxanide
PPIs
Paxlovid
Quercetin
Remdesivir
Thermotherapy
Vitamins
More

Other
Feedback
Home
Top
Abstract
All HCQ studies
Meta analysis
 
Feedback
Home
next
study
previous
study
c19hcq.org COVID-19 treatment researchHCQHCQ (more..)
Melatonin Meta
Metformin Meta
Antihistamines Meta
Azvudine Meta Molnupiravir Meta
Bromhexine Meta
Budesonide Meta
Colchicine Meta Nigella Sativa Meta
Conv. Plasma Meta Nitazoxanide Meta
Curcumin Meta PPIs Meta
Famotidine Meta Paxlovid Meta
Favipiravir Meta Quercetin Meta
Fluvoxamine Meta Remdesivir Meta
Hydroxychlor.. Meta Thermotherapy Meta
Ivermectin Meta

All Studies   Meta Analysis    Recent:   

Aminoquinolines against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine

Sahraei et al., Int. J. Antimicrobial Agents, April 2020, 55:4, doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105945
Mar 2020  
  Post
  Facebook
Share
  Source   PDF   All Studies   Meta AnalysisMeta
HCQ for COVID-19
1st treatment shown to reduce risk in March 2020
 
*, now with p < 0.00000000001 from 411 studies, recognized in 46 countries.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine treatments. * >10% efficacy, ≥3 studies.
4,500+ studies for 81 treatments. c19hcq.org
Discussion of mechanisms of action, CQ vs. HCQ, early studies, safety.
Reviews covering hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19 include1-17.
Sahraei et al., 17 Mar 2020, peer-reviewed, 4 authors.
This PaperHCQAll
Aminoquinolines against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine
Zahra Sahraei, Minoosh Shabani, Shervin Shokouhi, Ali Saffaei
International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105945
Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre -including this research content -immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.
Declarations Funding: None. Competing Interests: None declared. Ethical Approval: Not required.
References
Colson, Rolain, Raoult, Chloroquine for the 2019 novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, Int J Antimicrob Agents, doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105923
Gao, Tian, Yang, Breakthrough: Chloroquine phosphate has shown apparent efficacy in treatment of COVID-19 associated pneumonia in clinical studies, Biosci Trends, doi:10.5582/bst.2020.01047
Jorge, Melles, Zhang, Lu, Rai et al., Hydroxychloroquine prescription trends and predictors for excess dosing per recent ophthalmology guidelines, Arthritis Res Ther, doi:10.1186/s13075-018-1634-8
Lim, Im, Cho, Bae, Klein et al., Pharmacokinetics of hydroxychloroquine and its clinical implications in chemoprophylaxis against malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax, Antimicrob Agents Chemother, doi:10.1128/AAC.00339-08
Plantone, Koudriavtseva, Current and future use of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in infectious, immune, neoplastic, and neurological diseases: a mini-review, Clin Drug Investig, doi:10.1007/s40261-018-0656-y
Rainsford, Parke, Clifford-Rashotte, Kean, Therapy and pharmacological properties of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and related diseases, Inflammopharmacology, doi:10.1007/s10787-015-0239-y
Savarino, Boelaert, Cassone, Majori, Cauda, Effects of chloroquine on viral infections: an old drug against today's diseases?, Lancet Infect Dis, doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(03)00806-5
Tan, Yam, Sun, Chu, An evaluation of chloroquine as a broad-acting antiviral against hand, foot and mouth disease, Antiviral Res, doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.11.017
Xu, Mugopen, Data, Group, Open access epidemiological data from the COVID-19 outbreak, Lancet Infect Dis, doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30119-5
{ 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2024, 5, 13]], 'date-time': '2024-05-13T12:40:20Z', 'timestamp': 1715604020047}, 'reference-count': 9, 'publisher': 'Elsevier BV', 'issue': '4', 'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2020, 4, 1]], 'date-time': '2020-04-01T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1585699200000}, 'content-version': 'tdm', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/'}], 'content-domain': { 'domain': [ 'clinicalkey.jp', 'clinicalkey.com', 'clinicalkey.es', 'clinicalkey.com.au', 'clinicalkey.fr', 'elsevier.com', 'sciencedirect.com'], 'crossmark-restriction': True}, 'published-print': {'date-parts': [[2020, 4]]}, 'DOI': '10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105945', 'type': 'journal-article', 'created': {'date-parts': [[2020, 3, 17]], 'date-time': '2020-03-17T11:08:36Z', 'timestamp': 1584443316000}, 'page': '105945', 'update-policy': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/elsevier_cm_policy', 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 158, 'title': 'Aminoquinolines against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine', 'prefix': '10.1016', 'volume': '55', 'author': [ {'given': 'Zahra', 'family': 'Sahraei', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Minoosh', 'family': 'Shabani', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Shervin', 'family': 'Shokouhi', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9563-924X', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Ali', 'family': 'Saffaei', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}], 'member': '78', 'reference': [ { 'key': '10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105945_bib0001', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'DOI': '10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30119-5', 'article-title': 'Open access epidemiological data from the COVID-19 outbreak', 'author': 'Xu', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Lancet Infect Dis'}, { 'key': '10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105945_bib0002', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105923', 'article-title': 'Chloroquine for the 2019 novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2', 'author': 'Colson', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Int J Antimicrob Agents'}, { 'key': '10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105945_bib0003', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'DOI': '10.5582/bst.2020.01047', 'article-title': 'Breakthrough: Chloroquine phosphate has shown apparent efficacy in ' 'treatment of COVID-19 associated pneumonia in clinical studies', 'author': 'Gao', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Biosci Trends'}, { 'key': '10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105945_bib0004', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '231', 'DOI': '10.1007/s10787-015-0239-y', 'article-title': 'Therapy and pharmacological properties of hydroxychloroquine and ' 'chloroquine in treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid ' 'arthritis and related diseases', 'volume': '23', 'author': 'Rainsford', 'year': '2015', 'journal-title': 'Inflammopharmacology'}, { 'key': '10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105945_bib0005', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '722', 'DOI': '10.1016/S1473-3099(03)00806-5', 'article-title': "Effects of chloroquine on viral infections: an old drug against today's " 'diseases?', 'volume': '3', 'author': 'Savarino', 'year': '2003', 'journal-title': 'Lancet Infect Dis'}, { 'key': '10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105945_bib0006', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '653', 'DOI': '10.1007/s40261-018-0656-y', 'article-title': 'Current and future use of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in ' 'infectious, immune, neoplastic, and neurological diseases: a ' 'mini-review', 'volume': '38', 'author': 'Plantone', 'year': '2018', 'journal-title': 'Clin Drug Investig'}, { 'key': '10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105945_bib0007', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '1468', 'DOI': '10.1128/AAC.00339-08', 'article-title': 'Pharmacokinetics of hydroxychloroquine and its clinical implications in ' 'chemoprophylaxis against malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax', 'volume': '53', 'author': 'Lim', 'year': '2009', 'journal-title': 'Antimicrob Agents Chemother'}, { 'key': '10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105945_bib0008', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '133', 'DOI': '10.1186/s13075-018-1634-8', 'article-title': 'Hydroxychloroquine prescription trends and predictors for excess dosing ' 'per recent ophthalmology guidelines', 'volume': '20', 'author': 'Jorge', 'year': '2018', 'journal-title': 'Arthritis Res Ther'}, { 'key': '10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105945_bib0009', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '143', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.11.017', 'article-title': 'An evaluation of chloroquine as a broad-acting antiviral against hand, ' 'foot and mouth disease', 'volume': '149', 'author': 'Tan', 'year': '2018', 'journal-title': 'Antiviral Res'}], 'container-title': 'International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents', 'original-title': [], 'language': 'en', 'link': [ { 'URL': 'https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0924857920300959?httpAccept=text/xml', 'content-type': 'text/xml', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'text-mining'}, { 'URL': 'https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0924857920300959?httpAccept=text/plain', 'content-type': 'text/plain', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'text-mining'}], 'deposited': { 'date-parts': [[2020, 7, 9]], 'date-time': '2020-07-09T22:39:29Z', 'timestamp': 1594334369000}, 'score': 1, 'resource': {'primary': {'URL': 'https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0924857920300959'}}, 'subtitle': [], 'short-title': [], 'issued': {'date-parts': [[2020, 4]]}, 'references-count': 9, 'journal-issue': {'issue': '4', 'published-print': {'date-parts': [[2020, 4]]}}, 'alternative-id': ['S0924857920300959'], 'URL': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105945', 'relation': {}, 'ISSN': ['0924-8579'], 'subject': [], 'container-title-short': 'International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents', 'published': {'date-parts': [[2020, 4]]}, 'assertion': [ {'value': 'Elsevier', 'name': 'publisher', 'label': 'This article is maintained by'}, { 'value': 'Aminoquinolines against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): chloroquine or ' 'hydroxychloroquine', 'name': 'articletitle', 'label': 'Article Title'}, { 'value': 'International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents', 'name': 'journaltitle', 'label': 'Journal Title'}, { 'value': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105945', 'name': 'articlelink', 'label': 'CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version'}, {'value': 'article', 'name': 'content_type', 'label': 'Content Type'}, { 'value': '© 2020 Elsevier B.V. and International Society of Chemotherapy. All rights ' 'reserved.', 'name': 'copyright', 'label': 'Copyright'}], 'article-number': '105945'}
Loading..
Please send us corrections, updates, or comments. c19early involves the extraction of 100,000+ datapoints from thousands of papers. Community updates help ensure high accuracy. Treatments and other interventions are complementary. All practical, effective, and safe means should be used based on risk/benefit analysis. No treatment or intervention is 100% available and effective for all current and future variants. We do not provide medical advice. Before taking any medication, consult a qualified physician who can provide personalized advice and details of risks and benefits based on your medical history and situation. FLCCC and WCH provide treatment protocols.
  or use drag and drop   
Submit