Assessment of Recovery Time, Worsening and Death, among COVID-19 inpatients and outpatients, under treatment with Hydroxychloroquine or Chloroquine plus Azithromycin Combination in Burkina Faso

Rouamba et al., International Journal of Infectious Diseases, doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2022.02.034, NCT04445441

Feb 2022

Source PDF All Studies Meta AnalysisMeta

Retrospective 863 COVID-19 patients in Burkina Faso, showing lower mortality, lower progression for outpatients, and faster viral clearance with HCQ/CQ treatment. Only the lower mortality was statistically significant. NCT04445441 (history).

Important missing comments or errors? Let us know.

risk of death, 80.0% lower, HR 0.20, p < 0.001, treatment 20 of 336 (6.0%), control 24 of 73 (32.9%), NNT 3.7, adjusted per study, inpatients, multivariable, Cox proportional hazards.

risk of progression, 20.0% lower, HR 0.80, p = 0.43, treatment 75 of 745 (10.1%), control 19 of 118 (16.1%), adjusted per study, all patients, multivariable, Cox proportional hazards.

risk of progression, 73.0% lower, HR 0.27, p = 0.05, treatment 23 of 399 (5.8%), control 4 of 33 (12.1%), adjusted per study, outpatients, multivariable, Cox proportional hazards, early treatment result.

risk of progression, 7.0% higher, HR 1.07, p = 0.83, treatment 52 of 347 (15.0%), control 15 of 85 (17.6%), adjusted per study, inpatients, multivariable, Cox proportional hazards.

time to viral clearance, 30.6% lower, HR 0.69, p = 0.26, treatment 746, control 118, adjusted per study, inverted to make HR<1 favor treatment, all patients, propensity score matching, multivariable, Cox proportional hazards, primary outcome.

time to viral clearance, 13.0% lower, HR 0.87, p = 0.29, treatment 746, control 118, adjusted per study, inverted to make HR<1 favor treatment, all patients, without PSM, multivariable, Cox proportional hazards, primary outcome.

time to viral clearance, 21.3% lower, HR 0.79, p = 0.37, treatment 399, control 33, adjusted per study, inverted to make HR<1 favor treatment, outpatients, multivariable, Cox proportional hazards, primary outcome, early treatment result.

time to viral clearance, 13.8% lower, HR 0.86, p = 0.37, treatment 345, control 86, adjusted per study, inverted to make HR<1 favor treatment, inpatients, multivariable, Cox proportional hazards, primary outcome.

Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates

Rouamba et al., 26 Feb 2022, retrospective, Burkina Faso, peer-reviewed, mean age 42.2, 17 authors, study period 9 March, 2020 - 31 October, 2020, dosage 200mg tid days 1-10, HCQ 200mg tid daily or CQ 250mg bid daily, trial NCT04445441 (history).

All Studies Meta Analysis Submit Updates or Corrections

This Paper HCQ All

Assessment of Recovery Time, Worsening, and Death among Inpatients and Outpatients with COVID-19, Treated with Hydroxychloroquine or Chloroquine plus Azithromycin Combination in Burkina Faso

Toussaint Rouamba, Esperance Ouédraogo, Houreratou Barry, Nobila Valentin Yaméogo, Apoline Sondo, Rainatou Boly, Jacques Zoungrana, Abdoul Risgou Ouédraogo, Marc Christian Tahita, Armel Poda, Arnaud Eric Diendéré, Abdoul-Salam Ouedraogo, Innocent Valea, Isidore Traoré, Zekiba Tarnagda, Maxime K Drabo, Halidou Tinto

International Journal of Infectious Diseases, doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2022.02.034

This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

Ousseni, Dr SOW Abobacar, Dr Seydou ZIDA, Mr BANHORO Honore Achille). The Equipe mobile team (Dr KABORE Mikaila, Dr NANA Harouna). The Clinical Research Unit of Nanoro (Mr HIEN S. Franck). The Centre Muraz/Institut National de Santé Publique team (ZOMA Aristide). Service des maladies infectieuses team (BOLY Raïnatou). Médecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sourou Sanon, Bobo-Dioulasso team (NIGNAN Issan Urbain). Service de pneumologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sourou Sanon, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso (OUEDRAOGO Patricia Roseline). Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Ethics approval This study was approved by the National Ethics Committee (Deliberation number: 2020-000101/MS/MESRSI/CERS) and was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04445441). Consent for publication Not applicable.

References

Agueusia, None

Arshad, Kilgore, Chaudhry, Jacobsen, Wang et al., Treatment with hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, and combination in patients hospitalized with COVID-19

Ayerbe, Risco-Risco, Ayis, The association of treatment with hydroxychloroquine and hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients, Int J Infect Dis, doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.06.099

Baguiya, Poda, Cissé, Sondo, Ouedraogo et al., Effect of Hydroxychloroquine or Chloroquine and Azithromycin on COVID-19 Patients' Recovery and Mortality: Evidence from a Hospital Based Retrospective Cohort Study Conducted in Burkina Faso, J Infect Dis Epidemiol, doi:10.23937/2474

Bernaola, Mena, Bernaola, Carballo, Lara et al., Observational study of the efficiency of treatments in patients hospitalized with Covid-19 in Madrid, MedRxiv, doi:10.1101/2020.07.17.20155960

Castelnuovo, Bonaccio, Costanzo, Gialluisi, Antinori et al., Common cardiovascular risk factors and in-hospital mortality in 3,894 patients with COVID-19: survival analysis and machine learning-based findings from the multicentre Italian CORIST Study, Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis, doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2020.07.031

Catteau, Dauby, Montourcy, Bottieau, Hautekiet et al., Low-dose hydroxychloroquine therapy and mortality in hospitalised patients with COVID-19: a nationwide observational study of 8075 participants, Int J Antimicrob Agents, doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.106144

Charlson, Szatrowski, Peterson, Validation of a combined comorbidity index, J Clin Epidemiol, doi:10.1016/0895-4356

Chen, Pan, Wu, Xiaoye, Chen et al., Safety of hydroxychloroquine in COVID-19 and other diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 53 randomized trials, Eur J Clin Pharmacol, doi:10.1007/s00228-020-02962-5

Chivese, Musa, Hindy, Al-Wattary, Badran et al., Efficacy of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in treating COVID-19 infection: A meta-review of systematic reviews and an updated meta-analysis, Travel Med Infect Dis, doi:10.1016/j.tmaid.2021.102135

Dagens, Sigfrid, Cai, Lipworth, Cheung et al., Scope, quality, and inclusivity of clinical guidelines produced early in the covid-19 pandemic: Rapid review, BMJ, doi:10.1136/bmj.m1936

Devaux, Rolain, Colson, Raoult, New insights on the antiviral effects of chloroquine against coronavirus: what to expect for COVID-19?, Int J Antimicrob Agents, doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105938

Elavarasi, Prasad, Seth, Sahoo, Madan et al., Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine for the Treatment of COVID-19: a Systematic Review and Metaanalysis, J Gen Intern Med, doi:10.1007/s11606-020-06146-w

Eze, Mezue, Nduka, Obianyo, Egbuche, Efficacy and safety of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine for treatment of COVID-19 patients-a systematic review and metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials, Am J Cardiovasc Dis

Fiolet, Guihur, Rebeaud, Mulot, Peiffer-Smadja et al., Effect of hydroxychloroquine with or without azithromycin on the mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Clin Microbiol Infect, doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2020.08.022

Fox, Mechanism of action of hy-droxychloroquine as an antirheumatic drug, Semin Arthritis Rheum

Gautret, Lagier, Parola, Hoang, Meddeb et al., Clinical and microbiological effect of a combination of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin in 80 COVID-19 patients with at least a six-day follow up: A pilot observational study, Travel Med Infect Dis, doi:10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101663

Gautret, Lagier, Parola, Hoang, Meddeb et al., Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open-label non-randomized clinical trial, Int J Antimicrob Agents 2020a, doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105949

Geleris, Sun, Platt, Zucker, Baldwin et al., Observational Study of Hydroxychloroquine in Hospitalized Patients with Covid-19, N Engl J Med, doi:10.1056/nejmoa2012410

Ip, Berry, Hansen, Goy, Pecora et al., Hydroxychloroquine and tocilizumab therapy in COVID-19 patients-An observational study, PLoS One, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0237693

Lagier, Million, Gautret, Colson, Cortaredona et al., Outcomes of 3,737 COVID-19 patients treated with hydroxychloroquine/azithromycin and other regimens in Marseille, France: A retrospective analysis, Travel Med Infect Dis, doi:10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101791

Lammers, Brohet, Theunissen, Koster, Rood et al., Early hydroxychloroquine but not chloroquine use reduces ICU admission in COVID-19 patients, Int J Infect Dis, doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.1460

Maraolo, Grossi, Dhiver, Tomei, Safety of hydroxychloroquine for treatment or prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection: A rapid systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials, Rev Cardiovasc Med, doi:10.1002/iid3.374

Million, Lagier, Gautret, Colson, Fournier et al., Early treatment of COVID-19 patients with hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin: A retrospective analysis of 1061 cases in Marseille, France, Travel Med Infect Dis, doi:10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101738.MinistèredelaSantéduBurkinaFaso.Arrêtén°2020-119/MS/CABdu06avril2020

Mittal, Mittal, Gupta, Kaushal, Chugh et al., Systematic review and meta-analysis of efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in the treatment of COVID-19, J Fam Med Prim Care, doi:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2338_20

Pan, Peto, Karim, Alejandria, Henao-Restrepo et al., Repurposed antiviral drugs for COVID-19 -interim WHO SOLIDARITY trial results, MedRxiv, doi:10.1101/2020.10.15.20209817

Rhinorrhea, None, N

Rosenberg, Dufort, Udo, Wilberschied, Kumar et al., Association of Treatment with Hydroxychloroquine or Azithromycin with In-Hospital Mortality in Patients with COVID-19 in New York State, JAMA -J Am Med Assoc, doi:10.1001/jama.2020.8630

Rouamba, Barry, Ouédraogo, Tahita, Yaméogo et al., Safety of chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine plus azithromycin for the treatment of COVID-19 patients in Burkina Faso: An observational prospective cohort study, Ther Clin Risk Manag, doi:10.2147/TCRM.S330813

Sbidian, Josse, Lemaitre, Meyer, Bernaux et al., Hydroxychloroquine with or without azithromycin and in-hospital mortality or discharge in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 infection: A cohort study of 4,642 in-patients in France, MedRxiv, doi:10.1101/2020.06.16.20132597

Singh, Khan, Chowdhry, Chatterjee, Outcomes of hydroxychloroquine treatment among hospitalized COVID-19 patients in the united states-real-world evidence from a federated electronic medical record network, MedRxiv, doi:10.1101/2020.05.12.20099028

Tarnagda, Cissé, Ilboudo, Lingani, Kondombo et al., COVID-19 Outbreak in Burkina Faso: Epidemiological Surveillance among High Risk Population, EC Microbiol

The, Group, Effect of Hydroxychloroquine in Hospitalized Patients with Covid-19, N Engl J Med, doi:10.1056/nejmoa2022926.WHO.Coronavirusdisease2019

Wilson, Chotirmall, Bai, Rello, COVID-19: Interim Guidance on Management Pending Empirical Evidence

Worldometer, Coronavirus Cases

Yu, Li, Chen, Li, Jiang et al., Beneficial effects exerted by hydroxychloroquine in treating COVID-19 patients via protecting multiple organs, Sci China Life Sci, doi:10.1007/s11427-020-1782-1

Yu, Li, Chen, Zhou, Wang et al., Low dose of hydroxychloroquine reduces fatality of critically ill patients with COVID-19, Sci China Life Sci, doi:10.1007/S11427-020-1732-2

Zhaowei, Zhang, Jiang, Han, Yan et al., Efficacy of hydroxychloroquine in patients with COVID-19: results ofa randomized clinical trial, MedRixv, doi:10.1101/2020.03.22.20040758

Zhu, Zhang, Li, Yang, Song, A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019, N Engl J Med, doi:10.1056/NEJMOA2001017/SUPPL_FILE/NEJMOA2001017_DISCLOSURE

Late treatment
is less effective

Please send us corrections, updates, or comments. Vaccines and treatments are complementary. All practical, effective, and safe means should be used based on risk/benefit analysis. No treatment, vaccine, or intervention is 100% available and effective for all current and future variants. We do not provide medical advice. Before taking any medication, consult a qualified physician who can provide personalized advice and details of risks and benefits based on your medical history and situation. FLCCC and WCH provide treatment protocols.

Submit

@CovidAnalysis

FAQ

Public domain CC0 1.0