Zinc(II)—The Overlooked Éminence Grise of Chloroquine’s Fight against COVID-19?
Hecel et al.,
Zinc(II)—The Overlooked Éminence Grise of Chloroquine’s Fight against COVID-19?,
Pharmaceuticals, 13:9, 228, doi:10.3390/ph13090228 (Review)
Review of zinc as an inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2′s RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, and zinc ionophores including CQ/HCQ, showing the latest evidence for zinc and CQ/HCQ having antiviral, and in particular anticoronaviral action.
Hecel et al., 1 Sep 2020, peer-reviewed, 11 authors.
Abstract: pharmaceuticals
Review
Zinc(II)—The Overlooked Éminence Grise of
Chloroquine’s Fight against COVID-19?
˛ 1,† ,
Aleksandra Hecel 1,† , Małgorzata Ostrowska 1,† , Kamila Stokowa-Sołtys 1,† , Joanna Watły
1,†
1
1,†
, Adriana Miller , Sławomir Potocki , Agnieszka Matera-Witkiewicz 2 ,
Dorota Dudek
Alicia Dominguez-Martin 3 , Henryk Kozłowski 1,4 and Magdalena Rowińska-Żyrek 1, *
1
2
3
4
*
†
Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland;
aleksandra.hecel@chem.uni.wroc.pl (A.H.); malgorzata.ostrowska@chem.uni.wroc.pl (M.O.);
kamila.stokowa-soltys@chem.uni.wroc.pl (K.S.-S.); joanna.watly@chem.uni.wroc.pl (J.W.);
dorota.dudek@chem.uni.wroc.pl (D.D.); adriana.miller@chem.uni.wroc.pl (A.M.);
slawomir.potocki@chem.uni.wroc.pl (S.P.); henryk.kozlowski@chem.uni.wroc.pl (H.K.)
Screening Laboratory of Biological Activity Tests and Collection of Biological Material, Faculty of Pharmacy,
Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
agnieszka.matera-witkiewicz@umed.wroc.pl
Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain;
adominguez@ugr.es
Department of Physiotherapy, Opole Medical School, Katowicka 68, 40-060 Opole, Poland
Correspondence: magdalena.rowinska-zyrek@chem.uni.wroc.pl
Those authors contributed equally.
Received: 3 August 2020; Accepted: 29 August 2020; Published: 1 September 2020
Abstract: Zn(II) is an inhibitor of SARS-CoV-20 s RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, and chloroquine
and hydroxychloroquine are Zn(II) ionophores–this statement gives a curious mind a lot to think
about. We show results of the first clinical trials on chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ)
in the treatment of COVID-19, as well as earlier reports on the anticoronaviral properties of these two
compounds and of Zn(II) itself. Other FDA-approved Zn(II) ionophores are given a decent amount of
attention and are thought of as possible COVID-19 therapeutics.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; 2019-nCoV; Zn(II) ionophores; chloroquine; hydroxy- chloroquine
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