Randomized controlled trial of favipiravir, hydroxychloroquine, and standard care in patients with mild/moderate COVID-19 disease

{ 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2024, 3, 28]], 'date-time': '2024-03-28T04:36:24Z', 'timestamp': 1711600584424}, 'reference-count': 31, 'publisher': 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 'issue': '1', 'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2022, 3, 23]], 'date-time': '2022-03-23T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1647993600000}, 'content-version': 'tdm', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0'}, { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2022, 3, 23]], 'date-time': '2022-03-23T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1647993600000}, 'content-version': 'vor', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0'}], 'content-domain': {'domain': ['link.springer.com'], 'crossmark-restriction': False}, 'abstract': '<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Favipiravir has antiviral activity against ' 'influenza, West Nile virus, and yellow fever virus and against flaviviruses. The objective of ' 'this pilot study was to compare three arms: favipiravir; hydroxychloroquine; standard care ' '(no specific SARS-CoV-2 treatment) only, in symptomatic patients infected by SARS-CoV-2 in an ' 'open-labelled randomized clinical trial. The trial was registered with Bahrain National ' 'Taskforce for Combatting COVID-19 on the 7th of May 2020 (registration code: NCT04387760). ' '150 symptomatic patients with COVID-19 disease were randomized into one of three arms: ' 'favipiravir, hydroxychloroquine, or standard care only. The primary outcome was the clinical ' 'scale at the end of study follow up (day 14 or on discharge/death) based on a points scale. ' 'The secondary outcomes were viral clearance, biochemical parameter changes and mortality at ' '30-days. Baseline characteristics did not differ between groups. The proportion of patients ' 'who achieved a clinical scale\u2009&lt;\u20092 did not differ between groups. The ' 'favipiravir-treated and hydroxychloroquine-treated group showed increased viral clearance ' '(OR, 95%CI 2.38, 0.83–6.78, OR, 95%CI 2.15, 0.78–5.92, respectively) compared to standard ' 'care, but this was not significant. The biochemical profile did not differ between groups, ' 'except for the platelet count (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.03) and uric ' 'acid (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.004) that were higher with ' 'favipiravir-treatment. Primary or secondary outcome measures did not differ between ' 'favipiravir, hydroxychloroquine, and standard therapy for mild to moderate COVID-19 disease; ' 'therefore, whilst favipiravir therapy appeared safe with a trend to increased viral ' 'clearance, there was no superior therapeutic utility.</jats:p><jats:p>Clinical trials ' 'registration. NCT04387760. Registration date: 07/05/2020.</jats:p>', 'DOI': '10.1038/s41598-022-08794-w', 'type': 'journal-article', 'created': {'date-parts': [[2022, 3, 23]], 'date-time': '2022-03-23T11:04:41Z', 'timestamp': 1648033481000}, 'update-policy': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy', 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 20, 'title': 'Randomized controlled trial of favipiravir, hydroxychloroquine, and standard care in patients ' 'with mild/moderate COVID-19 disease', 'prefix': '10.1038', 'volume': '12', 'clinical-trial-number': [ { 'clinical-trial-number': 'nct04387760', 'registry': '10.18810/clinical-trials-gov'}], 'author': [ {'given': 'Manaf', 'family': 'AlQahtani', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Nitya', 'family': 'Kumar', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Dhuha', 'family': 'Aljawder', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Abdulkarim', 'family': 'Abdulrahman', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Mohammed Wael', 'family': 'Mohamed', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Fatema', 'family': 'Alnashaba', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Mohammed Abu', 'family': 'Fayyad', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Faisal', 'family': 'Alshaikh', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Fatima', 'family': 'Alsahaf', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Sawsan', 'family': 'Saeed', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Amal', 'family': 'Almahroos', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Zainab', 'family': 'Abdulrahim', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Sameer', 'family': 'Otoom', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Stephen L.', 'family': 'Atkin', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}], 'member': '297', 'published-online': {'date-parts': [[2022, 3, 23]]}, 'reference': [ { 'key': '8794_CR1', 'unstructured': 'Coronavirus Update (Live): 46,432,714 Cases and 1,200,927 Deaths from ' 'COVID-19 Virus Pandemic-Worldometer, ' 'https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/.'}, { 'key': '8794_CR2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '221', 'DOI': '10.7326/m20-6169', 'volume': '174', 'author': 'DV Mehrotra', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Mehrotra, D. 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