Prognostic factors and predictors of outcome in patients with COVID-19 and related pneumonia: a retrospective cohort study

{ 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2024, 3, 13]], 'date-time': '2024-03-13T13:04:15Z', 'timestamp': 1710335055248}, 'reference-count': 40, 'publisher': 'Portland Press Ltd.', 'issue': '12', 'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2020, 11, 17]], 'date-time': '2020-11-17T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1605571200000}, 'content-version': 'vor', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/'}], 'content-domain': {'domain': ['portlandpress.com'], 'crossmark-restriction': True}, 'published-print': {'date-parts': [[2020, 12, 23]]}, 'abstract': '<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\n' ' <jats:p>The aim of the present study was to simultaneously assess several ' 'potential predictors of outcome (co-morbidity, previous and in-hospital treatment, radiologic ' 'Brixia score) in patients with COVID-19.</jats:p>\n' ' <jats:p>This retrospective cohort study included 258 consecutive patients with ' 'confirmed COVID-19 admitted to a medical ward at Montichiari Hospital, Brescia, Italy from ' 'February 28th to April 30rd, 2020. Patients had SARS-CoV-2 related pneumonia with respiratory ' 'failure, and were treated with hydroxychloroquine and lopinavir plus ritonavir. In some ' 'patients, additional treatment with tocilizumab, dexamethasone and enoxaparin was adopted. ' 'Outcomes (death or recovery) were assessed at the end of the discharge period or at the end ' 'of the follow-up (August 2020).</jats:p>\n' ' <jats:p>During hospitalization, 59 patients died, while 6 died after ' 'discharge. The following variables were demonstrated to be associated with a worse prognosis: ' 'Radiologic Brixia score higher than 8, presence at baseline of hypertension, diabetes, ' 'chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart disease, cancer, previous treatment with ' 'ACE-inhibitors or anti-platelet drugs. Anticoagulant treatment during hospital admission with ' 'enoxaparin at a dose higher than 4000 U once daily was associated with a better ' 'prognosis.</jats:p>\n' ' <jats:p>In conclusion, our study demonstrates that some co-morbidities and ' 'cardiovascular risk factors may affect prognosis. The radiologic Brixia score may be a useful ' 'tool to stratify the risk of death at baseline. Anticoagulant treatment with enoxaparin might ' 'be associated to a clinical benefit in terms of survival in patients with COVID-19.</jats:p>', 'DOI': '10.1042/bsr20203455', 'type': 'journal-article', 'created': { 'date-parts': [[2020, 11, 17]], 'date-time': '2020-11-17T15:04:02Z', 'timestamp': 1605625442000}, 'update-policy': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/crossmark_policy', 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 24, 'title': 'Prognostic factors and predictors of outcome in patients with COVID-19 and related pneumonia: a ' 'retrospective cohort study', 'prefix': '10.1042', 'volume': '40', 'author': [ { 'given': 'Gianluca\xa0E.M.', 'family': 'Boari', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Division of Medicine, Covid-19 Unit M, Spedali Civili di ' 'Brescia, Montichiari, Brescia, Italy'}]}, { 'given': 'Giulia', 'family': 'Chiarini', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Division of Medicine, Covid-19 Unit M, Spedali Civili di ' 'Brescia, Montichiari, Brescia, Italy'}, { 'name': 'Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of ' 'Brescia, Brescia, Italy'}]}, { 'given': 'Silvia', 'family': 'Bonetti', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Division of Medicine, Covid-19 Unit M, Spedali Civili di ' 'Brescia, Montichiari, Brescia, Italy'}, { 'name': 'Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of ' 'Brescia, Brescia, Italy'}]}, { 'given': 'Paolo', 'family': 'Malerba', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Division of Medicine, Covid-19 Unit M, Spedali Civili di ' 'Brescia, Montichiari, Brescia, Italy'}, { 'name': 'Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of ' 'Brescia, Brescia, Italy'}]}, { 'given': 'Gianluca', 'family': 'Bianco', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Division of Medicine, Covid-19 Unit M, Spedali Civili di ' 'Brescia, Montichiari, Brescia, Italy'}, { 'name': 'Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of ' 'Brescia, 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