Role of ivermectin in the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers in India: A matched case-control study

{ 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2024, 3, 29]], 'date-time': '2024-03-29T11:51:30Z', 'timestamp': 1711713090656}, 'reference-count': 33, 'publisher': 'Public Library of Science (PLoS)', 'issue': '2', 'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2021, 2, 16]], 'date-time': '2021-02-16T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1613433600000}, 'content-version': 'vor', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/'}], 'content-domain': {'domain': ['www.plosone.org'], 'crossmark-restriction': False}, 'abstract': '<jats:sec id="sec001">\n' '<jats:title>Background</jats:title>\n' '<jats:p>Ivermectin is one among several potential drugs explored for its therapeutic and ' 'preventive role in SARS-CoV-2 infection. The study was aimed to explore the association ' 'between ivermectin prophylaxis and the development of SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare ' 'workers.</jats:p>\n' '</jats:sec>\n' '<jats:sec id="sec002">\n' '<jats:title>Methods</jats:title>\n' '<jats:p>A hospital-based matched case-control study was conducted among healthcare workers of ' 'AIIMS Bhubaneswar, India, from September to October 2020. Profession, gender, age and date of ' 'diagnosis were matched for 186 case-control pairs. Cases and controls were healthcare workers ' 'who tested positive and negative, respectively, for COVID-19 by RT-PCR. Exposure was defined ' 'as the intake of ivermectin and/or hydroxychloroquine and/or vitamin-C and/or other ' 'prophylaxis for COVID-19. Data collection and entry was done in Epicollect5, and analysis was ' 'performed using STATA version 13. Conditional logistic regression models were used to ' 'describe the associated factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection.</jats:p>\n' '</jats:sec>\n' '<jats:sec id="sec003">\n' '<jats:title>Results</jats:title>\n' '<jats:p>Ivermectin prophylaxis was taken by 76 controls and 41 cases. Two-dose ivermectin ' 'prophylaxis (AOR 0.27, 95% CI, 0.15–0.51) was associated with a 73% reduction of SARS-CoV-2 ' 'infection among healthcare workers for the following month. Those involved in physical ' 'activity (AOR 3.06 95% CI, 1.18–7.93) for more than an hour/day were more likely to contract ' 'SARS-CoV-2 infection. Type of household, COVID duty, single-dose ivermectin prophylaxis, ' 'vitamin-C prophylaxis and hydroxychloroquine prophylaxis were not associated with SARS-CoV-2 ' 'infection.</jats:p>\n' '</jats:sec>\n' '<jats:sec id="sec004">\n' '<jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title>\n' '<jats:p>Two-dose ivermectin prophylaxis at a dose of 300 μg/kg with a gap of 72 hours was ' 'associated with a 73% reduction of SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers for the ' 'following month. Chemoprophylaxis has relevance in the containment of pandemic.</jats:p>\n' '</jats:sec>', 'DOI': '10.1371/journal.pone.0247163', 'type': 'journal-article', 'created': {'date-parts': [[2021, 2, 16]], 'date-time': '2021-02-16T22:17:46Z', 'timestamp': 1613513866000}, 'page': 'e0247163', 'update-policy': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.corrections_policy', 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 44, 'title': 'Role of ivermectin in the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers in India: ' 'A matched case-control study', 'prefix': '10.1371', 'volume': '16', 'author': [ {'given': 'Priyamadhaba', 'family': 'Behera', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Binod Kumar', 'family': 'Patro', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Arvind Kumar', 'family': 'Singh', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, { 'given': 'Pradnya Dilip', 'family': 'Chandanshive', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0297-0177', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'Ravikumar', 'family': 'S. 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