COVID-19 in Iran, a comprehensive investigation from exposure to treatment outcomes
Small limited trial with 100 patients concluding that HCQ improved clinical outcome, OR 0.016 [0.002-0.11] in regression analysis.
risk of death, 67.5% lower, RR 0.32, p = 0.15, treatment 10 of 77 (13.0%), control 2 of 5 (40.0%), NNT 3.7.
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Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
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Ashraf et al., 24 Apr 2020, retrospective, database analysis, Iran, preprint, median age 58.0, 16 authors, dosage 200mg bid daily, 400mg qd was used when combined with Lopinavir-Ritonavir.
Abstract: Preprint: Please note that this article has not completed peer review.
COVID-19 in Iran, a comprehensive investigation from
exposure to treatment outcomes
CURRENT STATUS:
UNDER REVIEW
Mohammad Ali Ashraf
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Nasim Shokouhi
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Elham Shirali
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Fateme Davari-tanha
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Omeed Memar
Academic Dermatology and Skin Cancer Institute, Chicago, IL
Alireza Kamalipour
University of California San Diego
Ayein Azarnoush
Alborz University of Medical Sciences
Avin Mabadi
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Adele Ossareh
Shahid Beheshti University
Milad Sanginabadi
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Talat Mokhtari Azad
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Leila Aghaghazvini
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
1
Sara Ghaderkhani
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Tahereh Poordast
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Alieh Pourdast
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Pershang Nazemi
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
nazemipershang@gmail.comCorresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2991-7923
10.21203/rs.3.rs-26339/v1
SUBJECT AREAS
Infectious Diseases
KEYWORDS
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); 2019-nCoV; SARS-CoV-2; Iran; clinical
characteristics; treatment outcomes
2
Abstract
Background There is a growing need for information regarding the recent coronavirus disease of 2019
(Covid-19). We present a comprehensive report of Covid-19 patients in Iran.
Methods One hundred hospitalized patients with Covid-19 were studied. Data on potential source of
exposure, demographic, clinical, and paraclinical features, therapy outcome, and post-discharge
follow-up were analyzed.
Results The median age of the patients was 58 years, and the majority of the patients (72.7%) were
above 50 years of age. Fever was present in 45.2% of the patients on admission. The most common
clinical symptoms were shortness of breath (74%) and cough (68%). Most patients had elevated Creactive protein (92.3%), elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (82.9%), lymphocytopenia (74.2 %)
on admission. Lower lobes of the lung were most commonly involved, and ground-glass opacity
(81.8%) was the most frequent finding in CT scans. The administration of hydroxychloroquine
improved the clinical outcome of the patients. Lopinavir/ritonavir was efficacious at younger ages. Of
the 70 discharged patients, 40% had symptom relapse, (8.6%) were readmitted to the hospital, and 3
patients (4.3%) died.
Conclusions This report demonstrates a heterogeneous nature of clinical manifestations in patients
affected with Covid-19. The most common presenting symptoms are non-specific, so attention should
be made on broader testing, especially in age groups with the greatest risk and younger individuals
who can serve as carriers of the disease. Hydroxychloroquine and lopinavir/ritonavir (in younger age
group) can be potential treatment options. Finally, patients discharged from the hospital should be
followed up because of potential symptom relapse.
Please send us corrections, updates, or comments. Vaccines and
treatments are complementary. All practical, effective, and safe means should
be used based on risk/benefit analysis. No treatment, vaccine, or intervention
is 100% available and effective for all current and future variants. We do not
provide medical advice. Before taking any medication, consult a qualified
physician who can provide personalized advice and details of risks and
benefits based on your medical history and situation.
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