COVID-19: A Single-Center ICU Experience of the First Wave in the Philippines
Onion Gerald V Ubaldo, Jose Emmanuel M Palo, Jude Erric L Cinco
Critical Care Research and Practice, doi:10.1155/2021/7510306
On January 30, 2020, the WHO declared the novel coronavirus of 2019 a pandemic, causing millions of cases and thousands of deaths worldwide, exposing the vulnerabilities of healthcare systems around the world with each country having its own experience. ese ranged from patient clinical profiles to management recommendations and to government interventions. ere is a paucity of published data regarding Philippine experience. is study is a retrospective, descriptive study of ninety-one COVID-19 probable patients admitted in the COVID ICU of e Medical City from March 16 to May 7, 2020. We described clinical and demographic characteristics amongst COVID-19-confirmed and -negative patients. erapeutic interventions including COVID-19 investigational drug use and other organ failure strategies were noted and tested for association with ICU survivors and nonsurvivors. We observed that there was no therapeutic intervention that was associated with improved outcomes, with some interventions showing trends favoring the ICU nonsurvivor group. ese interventions include, but are not limited to, the use of hydroxychloroquine and tocilizumab, and prone positioning. We also observed that a higher SAPS-3 score was associated with the COVID-19 positive group and the ICU nonsurvivor group. On PubMed search, there seems to be no Philippine-specific literature regarding COVID-19 ICU experience. Further investigations to include more variables are recommended.
Conflicts of Interest e authors declare no conflicts of interest.
References
Benítez, Güemes, Cunha De Resende Brasil, Impact of personal protective equipment on surgical performance during the COVID-19 pandemic, World Journal of Surgery
Bhatraju, Ghassemieh, Nichols, Covid-19 in critically ill patients in the seattle region-case series, e New England Journal of Medicine
Bos, Schultz, Schultz, ARDS: challenges in patient care and frontiers in research, European Respiratory Review
Cao, Wang, Wen, A trial of lopinavir-ritonavir in adults hospitalized with severe covid-19, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Caputo, Strayer, Levitan, Early self-proning in awake, non-intubated patients in the emergency department: a single ED's experience during the COVID 19 pandemic, Academic Emergency Medicine
Di Saverio, Khan, Pata, Laparoscopy at all costs? Not now during COVID-19 outbreak and not for acute care surgery and emergency colorectal surgery: a practical algorithm from a hub tertiary teaching hospital in Northern Lombardy, Italy, Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery
Du, Tu, Zhu, Clinical features of 85 fatal cases of COVID-19 from Wuhan: a retrospective observational study, SSRN Electronic Journal
Edrada, Lopez, Villarama, First COVID-19 infections in the Philippines: a case report, Tropical Medicine and Health
Flisiak, Horban, Jaroszewicz, Recommendations of management in SARS-CoV-2 infection of the polish association of epidemiologists and infectiologists, Polish Archives of Internal Medicine
Gattinoni, Chiumello, Caironi, COVID-19 pneumonia: different respiratory treatments for different phenotypes?, Intensive Care Medicine
Gattinoni, Chiumello, Rossi, COVID-19 pneumonia: ARDS or not?, Critical Care
Joseph, Moslehi, Hogarth, Majid, Meng, International pulmonologist's consensus on COVID-19
Leung, Wu, Liu, Leung, First-wave COVID-19 transmissibility and severity in China outside Hubei after control measures, and second-wave scenario planning: a modelling impact assessment, e Lancet
Li, Yu, Du, Covid-19 in China: ten critical issues for intensive care medicine, Critical Care
Lima, Ribeiro Junior, Vieira, Campos, Saverio, Early self-proning in awake, non-intubated patients in the emergency department: a single ED's experience during the COVID-19 pandemic, Academic Emergency Medicine
Liu, Li, Feng, Critical care response to a hospital outbreak of the 2019-nCoV infection in Shenzhen, China, Critical Care
Mehra, Ruschitzka, Patel, Hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine with or without a macrolide for treatment of COVID-19: a multinational registry analysis, Lancet
Phual, Mrcp, Review Intensive care management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): challenges and recommendations, e Lancet Respiratory
Sohrabi, Alsafi, O'neill, World Health Organization declares global emergency: a review of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19), International Journal of Surgery
Steffens, A hundred days into the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, Eurosurveillance
Sztajnbok, Maselli-Schoueri, De Resende Brasil, Prone positioning to improve oxygenation and relieve respiratory symptoms in awake, spontaneously breathing non-intubated patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, Respiratory Medicine Case Reports
Vardanjani, Moayedi, COVID-19 pandemic hemoperfusion therapy versus plasma exchange therapy in intensive care, Iran Journal of Allergy Ashtma Immunology
Xu, Han, Li, Effective treatment of severe COVID-19 patients with tocilizumab, Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature
Zhou, Yu, Du, Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study, e Lancet
{ 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2022, 4, 1]], 'date-time': '2022-04-01T13:23:46Z', 'timestamp': 1648819426917},
'reference-count': 24,
'publisher': 'Hindawi Limited',
'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2021, 1, 30]],
'date-time': '2021-01-30T00:00:00Z',
'timestamp': 1611964800000},
'content-version': 'unspecified',
'delay-in-days': 0,
'URL': 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/'}],
'content-domain': {'domain': [], 'crossmark-restriction': False},
'published-print': {'date-parts': [[2021, 1, 30]]},
'abstract': '<jats:p>On January 30, 2020, the WHO declared the novel coronavirus of 2019 a pandemic, '
'causing millions of cases and thousands of deaths worldwide, exposing the vulnerabilities of '
'healthcare systems around the world with each country having its own experience. These ranged '
'from patient clinical profiles to management recommendations and to government interventions. '
'There is a paucity of published data regarding Philippine experience. This study is a '
'retrospective, descriptive study of ninety-one COVID-19 probable patients admitted in the '
'COVID ICU of The Medical City from March 16 to May 7, 2020. We described clinical and '
'demographic characteristics amongst COVID-19-confirmed and -negative patients. Therapeutic '
'interventions including COVID-19 investigational drug use and other organ failure strategies '
'were noted and tested for association with ICU survivors and nonsurvivors. We observed that '
'there was no therapeutic intervention that was associated with improved outcomes, with some '
'interventions showing trends favoring the ICU nonsurvivor group. These interventions include, '
'but are not limited to, the use of hydroxychloroquine and tocilizumab, and prone positioning. '
'We also observed that a higher SAPS-3 score was associated with the COVID-19 positive group '
'and the ICU nonsurvivor group. On PubMed search, there seems to be no Philippine-specific '
'literature regarding COVID-19 ICU experience. Further investigations to include more '
'variables are recommended.</jats:p>',
'DOI': '10.1155/2021/7510306',
'type': 'journal-article',
'created': {'date-parts': [[2021, 2, 2]], 'date-time': '2021-02-02T03:35:05Z', 'timestamp': 1612236905000},
'page': '1-12',
'source': 'Crossref',
'is-referenced-by-count': 1,
'title': 'COVID-19: A Single-Center ICU Experience of the First Wave in the Philippines',
'prefix': '10.1155',
'volume': '2021',
'author': [ { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9871-2388',
'authenticated-orcid': True,
'given': 'Onion Gerald V.',
'family': 'Ubaldo',
'sequence': 'first',
'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Acute and Critical Care Institute, The Medical City–Ortigas, '
'Pasig City 1605, Philippines'}]},
{ 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9640-869X',
'authenticated-orcid': True,
'given': 'Jose Emmanuel M.',
'family': 'Palo',
'sequence': 'additional',
'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Acute and Critical Care Institute, The Medical City–Ortigas, '
'Pasig City 1605, Philippines'}]},
{ 'given': 'Jude Erric L.',
'family': 'Cinco',
'sequence': 'additional',
'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Acute and Critical Care Institute, The Medical City–Ortigas, '
'Pasig City 1605, Philippines'}]}],
'member': '98',
'reference': [ {'key': '1', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1186/s13054-020-2786-x'},
{'key': '2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.02.034'},
{'key': '3', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.2139/ssrn.3546088'},
{ 'key': '4',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'first-page': '1',
'DOI': '10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.14.2000550',
'article-title': 'A hundred days into the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic',
'volume': '25',
'author': 'I. Steffens',
'year': '2020',
'journal-title': 'Eurosurveillance'},
{'key': '5', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30746-7'},
{'key': '6', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30566-3'},
{ 'issue': '21',
'key': '7',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'first-page': '2012',
'DOI': '10.1056/NEJMoa2004500',
'article-title': 'Covid-19 in critically ill patients in the seattle region—case series',
'volume': '382',
'author': 'P. K. Bhatraju',
'year': '2020',
'journal-title': 'The New England Journal of Medicine'},
{'key': '8', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30566-3'},
{'key': '9', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1073/pnas.2005615117'},
{ 'key': '10',
'first-page': '1',
'article-title': 'Hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine with or without a macrolide for '
'treatment of COVID-19: a multinational registry analysis',
'author': 'M. R. M. D. Mehra',
'year': '2020',
'journal-title': 'The Lancet'},
{ 'issue': '20',
'key': '11',
'first-page': '10970',
'article-title': 'Effective treatment of severe COVID-19 patients with tocilizumab',
'volume': '117',
'author': 'X. Xu',
'year': '2020',
'journal-title': 'Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature'},
{ 'key': '12',
'first-page': '1',
'article-title': 'Recommendations of management in SARS-CoV-2 infection of the polish '
'association of epidemiologists and infectiologists',
'volume': '130',
'author': 'R. Flisiak',
'year': '2020',
'journal-title': 'Polish Archives of Internal Medicine'},
{ 'key': '13',
'first-page': '1',
'article-title': 'Review Intensive care management of coronavirus disease 2019 '
'(COVID-19): challenges and recommendations',
'volume': '8',
'author': 'J. Phua',
'year': '2020',
'journal-title': 'The Lancet Respiratory'},
{'key': '14', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1186/s13054-020-02880-z'},
{ 'issue': '6',
'key': '15',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'first-page': '1099',
'DOI': '10.1007/s00134-020-06033-2',
'article-title': 'COVID-19 pneumonia: different respiratory treatments for different '
'phenotypes?',
'volume': '46',
'author': 'L. Gattinoni',
'year': '2020',
'journal-title': 'Intensive Care Medicine'},
{ 'key': '16',
'first-page': '1',
'article-title': 'International pulmonologist’s consensus on COVID-19',
'author': 'T. Joseph',
'year': '2020',
'journal-title': 'International Pulmonologists Consensus on COVID'},
{ 'issue': '147',
'key': '17',
'first-page': '1',
'article-title': 'ARDS: challenges in patient care and frontiers in research',
'volume': '27',
'author': 'S. Bos',
'year': '2018',
'journal-title': 'European Respiratory Review'},
{'key': '18', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1590/0100-6991e-20202549'},
{ 'issue': '6',
'key': '19',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'first-page': '715',
'DOI': '10.1097/TA.0000000000002727',
'article-title': 'Laparoscopy at all costs? Not now during COVID-19 outbreak and not for '
'acute care surgery and emergency colorectal surgery: a practical '
'algorithm from a hub tertiary teaching hospital in Northern Lombardy, '
'Italy',
'volume': '88',
'author': 'S. Di Saverio',
'year': '2020',
'journal-title': 'Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery'},
{'key': '20', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1111/acem.13994'},
{'key': '21', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.rmcr.2020.101096'},
{'key': '22', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1111/acem.13994'},
{'key': '23', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.rmcr.2020.101096'},
{ 'issue': '21',
'key': '24',
'first-page': '1',
'article-title': 'First COVID-19 infections in the Philippines: a case report',
'volume': '48',
'author': 'E. M. Edrada',
'year': '2020',
'journal-title': 'Tropical Medicine and Health'}],
'container-title': 'Critical Care Research and Practice',
'original-title': [],
'language': 'en',
'link': [ { 'URL': 'http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/ccrp/2021/7510306.pdf',
'content-type': 'application/pdf',
'content-version': 'vor',
'intended-application': 'text-mining'},
{ 'URL': 'http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/ccrp/2021/7510306.xml',
'content-type': 'application/xml',
'content-version': 'vor',
'intended-application': 'text-mining'},
{ 'URL': 'http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/ccrp/2021/7510306.pdf',
'content-type': 'unspecified',
'content-version': 'vor',
'intended-application': 'similarity-checking'}],
'deposited': { 'date-parts': [[2021, 2, 2]],
'date-time': '2021-02-02T03:35:19Z',
'timestamp': 1612236919000},
'score': 1,
'resource': {'primary': {'URL': 'https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ccrp/2021/7510306/'}},
'subtitle': [],
'editor': [{'given': 'Robert', 'family': 'Boots', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}],
'short-title': [],
'issued': {'date-parts': [[2021, 1, 30]]},
'references-count': 24,
'alternative-id': ['7510306', '7510306'],
'URL': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7510306',
'relation': {},
'ISSN': ['2090-1313', '2090-1305'],
'subject': [],
'container-title-short': 'Critical Care Research and Practice',
'published': {'date-parts': [[2021, 1, 30]]}}
