Analgesics
Antiandrogens
Antihistamines
Azvudine
Bromhexine
Budesonide
Colchicine
Conv. Plasma
Curcumin
Famotidine
Favipiravir
Fluvoxamine
Hydroxychlor..
Ivermectin
Lifestyle
Melatonin
Metformin
Minerals
Molnupiravir
Monoclonals
Naso/orophar..
Nigella Sativa
Nitazoxanide
PPIs
Paxlovid
Quercetin
Remdesivir
Thermotherapy
Vitamins
More

Other
Feedback
Home
Top
Results
Abstract
All HCQ studies
Meta analysis
 
Feedback
Home
next
study
previous
study
c19hcq.org COVID-19 treatment researchHCQHCQ (more..)
Melatonin Meta
Metformin Meta
Antihistamines Meta
Azvudine Meta Molnupiravir Meta
Bromhexine Meta
Budesonide Meta
Colchicine Meta Nigella Sativa Meta
Conv. Plasma Meta Nitazoxanide Meta
Curcumin Meta PPIs Meta
Famotidine Meta Paxlovid Meta
Favipiravir Meta Quercetin Meta
Fluvoxamine Meta Remdesivir Meta
Hydroxychlor.. Meta Thermotherapy Meta
Ivermectin Meta

All Studies   Meta Analysis    Recent:   

Negative nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 PCR conversion in response to different therapeutic interventions

Shabrawishi et al., medRxix, doi:10.1101/2020.05.08.20095679
May 2020  
  Post
  Facebook
Share
  Source   PDF   All Studies   Meta AnalysisMeta
Virological cure at day 5 15% Improvement Relative Risk HCQ for COVID-19  Shabrawishi et al.  LATE TREATMENT Is late treatment with HCQ beneficial for COVID-19? Retrospective 93 patients in Saudi Arabia No significant difference in viral clearance c19hcq.org Shabrawishi et al., medRxix, May 2020 FavorsHCQ Favorscontrol 0 0.5 1 1.5 2+
HCQ for COVID-19
1st treatment shown to reduce risk in March 2020
 
*, now with p < 0.00000000001 from 417 studies, recognized in 46 countries.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine treatments. * >10% efficacy, ≥3 studies.
4,800+ studies for 102 treatments. c19hcq.org
Retrospective 93 hospitalized patients in Saudi Arabia showing a non-statistically significant 15% reduction in PCR positive results at day 5, RR 0.85, p = 0.65. The treatment group had significantly more severe illness and significantly more male patients.
Although the viral clearance result is not statistically significant, it is consistent with the significant 19% improved viral clearance [10‑27%] from meta analysis of the 49 viral clearance results to date.
risk of no virological cure at day 5, 14.7% lower, RR 0.85, p = 0.66, treatment 12 of 45 (26.7%), control 15 of 48 (31.2%), NNT 22.
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
Shabrawishi et al., 11 May 2020, retrospective, Saudi Arabia, preprint, mean age 43.9, 5 authors.
This PaperHCQAll
Negative nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 PCR conversion in Response to different therapeutic interventions
Mohammed Hassan Shabrawishi, Abdallah Y Naser, Hassan Alwafi, Ahmad Mansoor Aldobyany, Abdelfattah Ahmed Touman
doi:10.1101/2020.05.08.20095679
Take home message: Prescribing antimalarial medications for patients with COVID-19 was not shown to shorten the disease course nor to accelerate the negative PCR conversion rate.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST The authors have stated explicitly that there are no conflicts of interest in connection with this article. AUTHORS CONTRIBUTIONS Shabrawishi, Naser, Touman, and Alwafi had full access to all the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. Shabrawishi, and Touman had the original idea for this study. Shabrawishi, Naser, Touman, and Alwafi contributed to the design of the study. Shabrawishi and Touman contributed to the data collection. Naser
References
Bai, Yao, Wei, Tian, Chen, Presumed Asymptomatic Carrier Transmission of COVID-19, JAMA
Chen, Liu, Liu, Liu, Xu et al., A pilot study of hydroxychloroquine in treatment of patients with common coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), J of Zjeijang University
Chen, Zhou, Dong, Qu, Gong et al., Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study, The Lancet
Chorin, Dai, Shulman, Wadhwani, Cohen et al., The QT interval in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection treated with hydroxychloroquine/azithromycin
Colson, Rolain, Lagier, Brouqui, Raoult, Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine as available weapons to fight COVID-19, Int J Antimicrob Agents
Colson, Rolain, Raoult, Chloroquine for the 2019 novel coronavirus SARSCoV-2
Ferner, Aronson, Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in covid-19, BMJ
For, Control, Information for Clinicians on Investigational Therapeutics for Patients with COVID-19 2020
Gautret, Lagier, Parola, Hoang, Meddeb et al., Clinical and microbiological effect of a combination of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin in 80 COVID-19 patients with at least a six-day follow up: A pilot observational study, Travel Med Infect Dis
Gautret, Lagier, Parola, Hoang, Meddeb et al., Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open-label nonrandomized clinical trial, Int J Antimicrob Agents
Gunja, Roberts, Mccoubrie, Lamberth, Simes, Survival after massive hydroxychloroquine overdose, Anaesth Intensive Care
Liu, Cao, Xu, Wang, Zhang et al., Hydroxychloroquine, a less toxic derivative of chloroquine, is effective in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro, Cell Discov
Magagnoli, Narendran, Pereira, Cummings, Hardin et al., Outcomes of hydroxychloroquine usage in United States veterans hospitalized with Covid-19
Makin, Wendon, Fitt, Portmann, Williams, Fulminant hepatic failure secondary to hydroxychloroquine, Gut
Murphy, Carmichael, Fatal toxic epidermal necrolysis associated with hydroxychloroquine, Clin Exp Dermatol
Rothe, Schunk, Sothmann, Bretzel, Froeschl et al., Transmission of 2019-nCoV Infection from an Asymptomatic Contact in Germany, N Engl J Med
Wang, Cao, Zhang, Yang, Liu et al., Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro, Cell Res
Yao, Ye, Zhang, Cui, Huang et al., Vitro Antiviral Activity and Projection of Optimized Dosing Design of Hydroxychloroquine for the Treatment of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Clin Infect Dis
Zhou, Yu, Du, Fan, Liu et al., Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study, The Lancet
{ 'institution': [{'name': 'medRxiv'}], 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2022, 9, 15]], 'date-time': '2022-09-15T10:52:14Z', 'timestamp': 1663239134875}, 'posted': {'date-parts': [[2020, 5, 11]]}, 'group-title': 'Respiratory Medicine', 'reference-count': 23, 'publisher': 'Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory', 'content-domain': {'domain': [], 'crossmark-restriction': False}, 'accepted': {'date-parts': [[2020, 5, 11]]}, 'abstract': '<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND</jats:title><jats:p>Despite ' 'lack of convincing evidence of the efficacy of hydroxychloroquine, it has been suggested to ' 'be used for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 to accelerate the negative virus conversion. We aimed ' 'to explore the association between negative nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 PCR clearance and ' 'different therapeutic ' 'interventions.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODOLOGY</jats:title><jats:p>This ' 'was a retrospective cohort study of 93 patients who were admitted to medical ward with a PCR ' 'confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 and met the inclusion criteria in a tertiary hospital in ' 'Mecca, Saudi Arabia. There were three interventional subgroups (group A (n=45): who received ' 'antimalarial drug only classified as (A1), combined with azithromycin (A2) or combined with ' 'antiviral drugs (A3)), and one supportive care group (group B) (n=48). The primary and ' 'secondary endpoints of the study were achieving negative SARS-CoV-2 nasopharyngeal PCR sample ' 'within five days or less from the start of the intervention and 12 days or less from the ' 'diagnose, ' 'respectively.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS</jats:title><jats:p>The mean ' 'age of the patients was 43.9 years (SD:15.9). A median time of 3.00 days (IQR:2.00-6.50) ' 'needed from the time of starting the intervention/supportive care to the first negative PCR ' 'sample. There was no statistically significant difference neither between the percentage of ' 'patients in the interventional group and the supportive care group who achieved the primary ' 'or the secondary endpoint, nor in the median time needed to achieve the first negative PCR ' 'sample ' '(p&gt;0.05).</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION</jats:title><jats:p>Prescribing ' 'antimalarial medications was not shown to shorten the disease course nor to accelerate the ' 'negative PCR conversion rate.</jats:p></jats:sec>', 'DOI': '10.1101/2020.05.08.20095679', 'type': 'posted-content', 'created': {'date-parts': [[2020, 5, 11]], 'date-time': '2020-05-11T22:25:15Z', 'timestamp': 1589235915000}, 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 4, 'title': 'Negative nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 PCR conversion in Response to different therapeutic ' 'interventions', 'prefix': '10.1101', 'author': [ {'given': 'Mohammed Hassan', 'family': 'Shabrawishi', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Abdallah Y', 'family': 'Naser', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Hassan', 'family': 'Alwafi', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Ahmad Mansoor', 'family': 'Aldobyany', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, { 'given': 'Abdelfattah Ahmed', 'family': 'Touman', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}], 'member': '246', 'reference': [ { 'key': '2021011111121549000_2020.05.08.20095679v1.1', 'unstructured': 'World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): ' 'situation report—70 2020 [Available from: ' 'https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200330-sitrep-70-covid-19.pdf?sfvrsn=7e0fe3f82.'}, { 'key': '2021011111121549000_2020.05.08.20095679v1.2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1016/s01406736(20)30211-7'}, { 'key': '2021011111121549000_2020.05.08.20095679v1.3', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1056/NEJMc2001468'}, { 'key': '2021011111121549000_2020.05.08.20095679v1.4', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1001/jama.2020.2565'}, { 'key': '2021011111121549000_2020.05.08.20095679v1.5', 'unstructured': 'Chinese national health commission and stat administration of ' 'traditional Chinese medicine. Diagnosis and treatment protocol for novel ' 'corona viruses pneumonia. 2020.'}, { 'key': '2021011111121549000_2020.05.08.20095679v1.6', 'unstructured': 'Saudi center for disease prevention and control. Quick interim guide to ' 'COVID-19 surveillance case definition and disposition. 2020.'}, { 'key': '2021011111121549000_2020.05.08.20095679v1.7', 'unstructured': 'Centre for Disease Control and Prevention. Information for Clinicians on ' 'Investigational Therapeutics for Patients with COVID-19 2020 [updated ' 'April 25, 2020. Available from: ' 'https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/therapeutic-options.html.'}, { 'key': '2021011111121549000_2020.05.08.20095679v1.8', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'unstructured': 'Colson P , Rolain J , Raoult D . Chloroquine for the 2019 novel ' 'coronavirus SARSCoV-2. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2020.', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105923'}, { 'issue': '4', 'key': '2021011111121549000_2020.05.08.20095679v1.9', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '105932', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105932', 'article-title': 'Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine as available weapons to fight ' 'COVID-19', 'volume': '55', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Int J Antimicrob Agents'}, { 'key': '2021011111121549000_2020.05.08.20095679v1.10', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '16', 'DOI': '10.1038/s41421-020-0156-0', 'article-title': 'Hydroxychloroquine, a less toxic derivative of chloroquine, is ' 'effective in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro', 'volume': '6', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Cell Discov'}, { 'key': '2021011111121549000_2020.05.08.20095679v1.11', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'unstructured': 'Yao X , Ye F , Zhang M , Cui C , Huang B , Niu P , et al. In Vitro ' 'Antiviral Activity and Projection of Optimized Dosing Design of ' 'Hydroxychloroquine for the Treatment of Severe Acute Respiratory ' 'Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Clin Infect Dis. 2020.', 'DOI': '10.1093/cid/ciaa237'}, { 'key': '2021011111121549000_2020.05.08.20095679v1.12', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1038/s41422-020-0282-0'}, { 'key': '2021011111121549000_2020.05.08.20095679v1.13', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'unstructured': 'Gautret P , Lagier JC , Parola P , Hoang VT , Meddeb L , Mailhe M , et ' 'al. Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: ' 'results of an open-label nonrandomized clinical trial. Int J Antimicrob ' 'Agents. 2020: 105949.', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105949'}, { 'key': '2021011111121549000_2020.05.08.20095679v1.14', 'unstructured': 'Chen J , Liu D , Liu L , Liu P , Xu Q , Xia L . A pilot study of ' 'hydroxychloroquine in treatment of patients with common coronavirus ' 'disease-19 (COVID-19). J of Zjeijang University. 2020;49(1).'}, { 'key': '2021011111121549000_2020.05.08.20095679v1.15', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1136/bmj.m1432'}, { 'key': '2021011111121549000_2020.05.08.20095679v1.16', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1177/0310057X0903700112'}, { 'key': '2021011111121549000_2020.05.08.20095679v1.17', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'unstructured': 'Chorin E , Dai M , Shulman E , Wadhwani L , Bar Cohen R , Barbhaiya C , ' 'et al. The QT interval in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection treated ' 'with hydroxychloroquine/azithromycin. [[Preprint]]. In press 2020.', 'DOI': '10.1101/2020.04.02.20047050'}, { 'key': '2021011111121549000_2020.05.08.20095679v1.18', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1136/gut.35.4.569'}, { 'key': '2021011111121549000_2020.05.08.20095679v1.19', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1046/j.1365-2230.2001.00857-3.x'}, { 'issue': '10229', 'key': '2021011111121549000_2020.05.08.20095679v1.20', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '1054', 'DOI': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3', 'article-title': 'Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with ' 'COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study', 'volume': '395', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'The Lancet'}, { 'key': '2021011111121549000_2020.05.08.20095679v1.21', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'unstructured': 'Gautret P , Lagier JC , Parola P , Hoang VT , Meddeb L , Sevestre J , et ' 'al. Clinical and microbiological effect of a combination of ' 'hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin in 80 COVID-19 patients with at ' 'least a six-day follow up: A pilot observational study. Travel Med ' 'Infect Dis. 2020: 101663.', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101663'}, { 'key': '2021011111121549000_2020.05.08.20095679v1.22', 'unstructured': 'Saudi Ministry of Health. Protocol for Adults Patients Suspected ' 'of/Confirmed with COVID-19 Supportive care and antiviral treatment of ' 'suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection. 2020.'}, { 'key': '2021011111121549000_2020.05.08.20095679v1.23', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'unstructured': 'Magagnoli J , Narendran S , Pereira F , Cummings T , Hardin JW , Sutton ' 'SS , et al. Outcomes of hydroxychloroquine usage in United States ' 'veterans hospitalized with Covid-19 [Preprint]. In press 2020.', 'DOI': '10.1101/2020.04.16.20065920'}], 'container-title': [], 'original-title': [], 'link': [ { 'URL': 'https://syndication.highwire.org/content/doi/10.1101/2020.05.08.20095679', 'content-type': 'unspecified', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'similarity-checking'}], 'deposited': { 'date-parts': [[2021, 1, 14]], 'date-time': '2021-01-14T05:45:13Z', 'timestamp': 1610603113000}, 'score': 1, 'resource': {'primary': {'URL': 'http://medrxiv.org/lookup/doi/10.1101/2020.05.08.20095679'}}, 'subtitle': [], 'short-title': [], 'issued': {'date-parts': [[2020, 5, 11]]}, 'references-count': 23, 'URL': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.08.20095679', 'relation': {}, 'published': {'date-parts': [[2020, 5, 11]]}, 'subtype': 'preprint'}
Late treatment
is less effective
Please send us corrections, updates, or comments. c19early involves the extraction of 100,000+ datapoints from thousands of papers. Community updates help ensure high accuracy. Treatments and other interventions are complementary. All practical, effective, and safe means should be used based on risk/benefit analysis. No treatment or intervention is 100% available and effective for all current and future variants. We do not provide medical advice. Before taking any medication, consult a qualified physician who can provide personalized advice and details of risks and benefits based on your medical history and situation. FLCCC and WCH provide treatment protocols.
  or use drag and drop   
Submit