Analgesics
Antiandrogens
Antihistamines
Azvudine
Bromhexine
Budesonide
Colchicine
Conv. Plasma
Curcumin
Famotidine
Favipiravir
Fluvoxamine
Hydroxychlor..
Ivermectin
Lifestyle
Melatonin
Metformin
Minerals
Molnupiravir
Monoclonals
Naso/orophar..
Nigella Sativa
Nitazoxanide
PPIs
Paxlovid
Quercetin
Remdesivir
Thermotherapy
Vitamins
More

Other
Feedback
Home
Top
Results
Abstract
All HCQ studies
Meta analysis
 
Feedback
Home
next
study
previous
study
c19hcq.org COVID-19 treatment researchHCQHCQ (more..)
Melatonin Meta
Metformin Meta
Antihistamines Meta
Azvudine Meta Molnupiravir Meta
Bromhexine Meta
Budesonide Meta
Colchicine Meta Nigella Sativa Meta
Conv. Plasma Meta Nitazoxanide Meta
Curcumin Meta PPIs Meta
Famotidine Meta Paxlovid Meta
Favipiravir Meta Quercetin Meta
Fluvoxamine Meta Remdesivir Meta
Hydroxychlor.. Meta Thermotherapy Meta
Ivermectin Meta

All Studies   Meta Analysis       

Determinants of COVID-19 disease severity in patients with underlying rheumatic disease

Santos et al., Clinical Rheumatology, doi:10.1007/s10067-020-05301-2
Jul 2020  
  Post
  Facebook
Share
  Source   PDF   All Studies   Meta AnalysisMeta
Mortality, combined 26% Improvement Relative Risk Mortality, HCQ 10% Mortality, CQ 51% HCQ for COVID-19  Santos et al.  LATE TREATMENT Is late treatment with HCQ beneficial for COVID-19? Prospective study of 38 patients in Spain (March - June 2020) Lower mortality with HCQ (not stat. sig., p=0.6) c19hcq.org Santos et al., Clinical Rheumatology, Jul 2020 FavorsHCQ Favorscontrol 0 0.5 1 1.5 2+
HCQ for COVID-19
1st treatment shown to reduce risk in March 2020, now with p < 0.00000000001 from 419 studies, recognized in 46 countries.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine treatments.
5,100+ studies for 109 treatments. c19hcq.org
Prospective study of 38 hospitalized rheumatic disease patients with COVID-19 in Spain, showing no mortality with existing HCQ use compared to 32% without, not reaching statistical significance. Authors also report on the use of HCQ/CQ after hospitalization. The prophylaxis and late treatment results are listed separately1,2.
Although the 26% lower mortality is not statistically significant, it is consistent with the significant 26% lower mortality [22‑30%] from meta analysis of the 253 mortality results to date.
This study is excluded in the after exclusion results of meta analysis: unadjusted results with no group details.
risk of death, 25.8% lower, RR 0.74, p = 0.60, treatment 31, control 7, combined.
risk of death, 9.7% lower, RR 0.90, p = 1.00, treatment 8 of 31 (25.8%), control 2 of 7 (28.6%), NNT 36, HCQ.
risk of death, 50.8% lower, RR 0.49, p = 0.65, treatment 1 of 7 (14.3%), control 9 of 31 (29.0%), NNT 6.8, CQ.
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
Santos et al., 27 Jul 2020, prospective, Spain, peer-reviewed, median age 78.4, mean age 75.3, 6 authors, study period 1 March, 2020 - 1 June, 2020. Contact: cristysieirosantos@gmail.com.
This PaperHCQAll
{ 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2022, 9, 11]], 'date-time': '2022-09-11T08:49:44Z', 'timestamp': 1662886184588}, 'reference-count': 14, 'publisher': 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 'issue': '9', 'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2020, 7, 27]], 'date-time': '2020-07-27T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1595808000000}, 'content-version': 'tdm', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://www.springer.com/tdm'}, { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2020, 7, 27]], 'date-time': '2020-07-27T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1595808000000}, 'content-version': 'vor', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://www.springer.com/tdm'}], 'content-domain': {'domain': ['link.springer.com'], 'crossmark-restriction': False}, 'published-print': {'date-parts': [[2020, 9]]}, 'DOI': '10.1007/s10067-020-05301-2', 'type': 'journal-article', 'created': {'date-parts': [[2020, 7, 27]], 'date-time': '2020-07-27T10:02:48Z', 'timestamp': 1595844168000}, 'page': '2789-2796', 'update-policy': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy', 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 55, 'title': 'Determinants of COVID-19 disease severity in patients with underlying rheumatic disease', 'prefix': '10.1007', 'volume': '39', 'author': [ {'given': 'C. Sieiro', 'family': 'Santos', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'C. Moriano', 'family': 'Morales', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'E. Díez', 'family': 'Álvarez', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'C. Álvarez', 'family': 'Castro', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'A. López', 'family': 'Robles', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'T. Perez', 'family': 'Sandoval', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}], 'member': '297', 'published-online': {'date-parts': [[2020, 7, 27]]}, 'reference': [ { 'key': '5301_CR1', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'unstructured': 'Pan F, Ye T, Sun P, Gui S, Liang B, Li L et al (2020) Time Course of ' 'Lung Changes On Chest CT During Recovery From 2019 Novel coronavirus ' '(COVID-19) pneumonia. Radiology.:200370', 'DOI': '10.1148/radiol.2020200370'}, { 'key': '5301_CR2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '327', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.semarthrit.2008.10.002', 'volume': '39', 'author': 'DE Furst', 'year': '2010', 'unstructured': 'Furst DE (2010) The risk of infections with biologic therapies for ' 'rheumatoid arthritis. Semin Arthritis Rheum 39:327–346', 'journal-title': 'Semin Arthritis Rheum'}, { 'key': '5301_CR3', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'unstructured': 'Kim AHJ, Sparks JA, Liew JW et al (2020) A rush to judgment? Rapid ' 'reporting and dissemination of results and its consequences regarding ' 'the use of hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19. Ann Intern Med published ' 'online March 30', 'DOI': '10.7326/M20-1223'}, { 'key': '5301_CR4', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1033', 'DOI': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30628-0', 'volume': '395', 'author': 'P Mehta', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Mehta P, McAuley DF, Brown M, Sanchez E, Tattersall RS, Manson JJ, HLH ' 'Across Speciality Collaboration, UK (2020) COVID-19: consider cytokine ' 'storm syndromes and immunosuppression. Lancet 395:1033–1034', 'journal-title': 'Lancet'}, { 'key': '5301_CR5', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'unstructured': 'Favalli EG, Ingegnoli F, De Lucia O, Cincinelli G, Cimaz R, Caporali R ' '(2020) COVID-19 infection and rheumatoid arthritis: faraway, so close! ' 'Autoimmun Rev', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.autrev.2020.102523'}, { 'key': '5301_CR6', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'unstructured': 'Goyal P, Choi JJ, Pinheiro LC et al (2020) Clinical characteristics of ' 'Covid-19 in New York City. N Engl J Med Overseas Ed. ' 'https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2010419', 'DOI': '10.1056/NEJMc2010419'}, { 'key': '5301_CR7', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'unstructured': 'Richardson S, Hirsch JS, Narasimhan M et al (2020) Presenting ' 'characteristics, comorbidities, and outcomes among 5700 patients ' 'hospitalized with COVID-19 in the New York City area. JAMA. ' 'https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.6775', 'DOI': '10.1001/jama.2020.6775'}, { 'key': '5301_CR8', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'unstructured': 'Gianfrancesco M, Hyrich KL, Al-Adely S et al (2020; published online May ' '29) Characteristics associated with hospitalisation for COVID-19 in ' 'people with rheumatic disease: data from the COVID-19 Global ' 'Rheumatology Alliance physician-reported registry. Ann Rheum Dis. ' 'https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217871', 'DOI': '10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217871'}, { 'issue': '6', 'key': '5301_CR9', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '623', 'DOI': '10.1111/j.1464-5491.2006.01861.x', 'volume': '23', 'author': 'JK Yang', 'year': '2006', 'unstructured': 'Yang JK, Feng Y, Yuan MY, Yuan SY, Fu HJ, Wu BY, Sun GZ, Yang GR, Zhang ' 'XL, Wang L, Xu X, Xu XP, Chan JCN (2006) Plasma glucose levels and ' 'diabetes are independent predictors for mortality and morbidity in ' 'patients with SARS. Diabet Med 23(6):623–628', 'journal-title': 'Diabet Med'}, { 'key': '5301_CR10', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'unstructured': 'Graef ER, Liew JW, Putman MS, Simard JF, Sirotich E, Berenbaum F, ' 'Duarte-García A, Grainger R, Harrison C, Konig MF, Korsten P, Proulx L, ' 'Richards DP, Robinson PC, Sattui SE, Ugarte-Gil MF, Young KJ, Kim AHJ, ' 'Sparks JA (2020) Festina lente: hydroxychloroquine, covid-19 and the ' 'role of the rheumatologist. Ann Rheum Dis:annrheumdis-2020-217480. ' 'https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217480', 'DOI': '10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217480'}, { 'key': '5301_CR11', 'unstructured': 'Mahevas M, Tran VT, Roumier M et al (2020) No evidence of clinical ' 'efficacy of hydroxychloroquine in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 ' 'infection with oxygen requirement: results of a study using routinely ' 'collected data to emulate a target trial. medRxiv'}, { 'key': '5301_CR12', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'unstructured': 'Raef Fadel DO, Morrison AR, Pharm D, Amit Vahia MD, Smith ZR, Pharm D, ' 'Zohra Chaudhry MD, Pallavi Bhargava MD, Joseph Miller MD, Kenney RM, ' 'Pharm D, George Alangaden MD, Mayur S, Ramesh MD, Ford HCOVID-19 ' 'Management Task Force, Early Short Course Corticosteroids in ' 'Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19. Clin Infect Dis:ciaa601. ' 'https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa601', 'DOI': '10.1093/cid/ciaa601'}, { 'key': '5301_CR13', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '497', 'DOI': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30185', 'volume': '395', 'author': 'C Huang', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Huang C, Wang Y, Li X et al (2020) Clinical features of patients ' 'infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet ' '395:497–506. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30185 ' 'pmid:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31986264', 'journal-title': 'Lancet'}, { 'key': '5301_CR14', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'unstructured': 'Chen X, Zhao B, Qu Y, Chen Y, Xiong J (2020) Detectable serum SARS-CoV-2 ' 'viral load (RNAaemia) is closely correlated with drastically elevated ' 'interleukin 6 (IL-6) level in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Oxford ' 'University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America', 'DOI': '10.1101/2020.02.29.20029520'}], 'container-title': 'Clinical Rheumatology', 'original-title': [], 'language': 'en', 'link': [ { 'URL': 'https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10067-020-05301-2.pdf', 'content-type': 'application/pdf', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'text-mining'}, { 'URL': 'https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10067-020-05301-2/fulltext.html', 'content-type': 'text/html', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'text-mining'}, { 'URL': 'https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10067-020-05301-2.pdf', 'content-type': 'application/pdf', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'similarity-checking'}], 'deposited': { 'date-parts': [[2021, 7, 26]], 'date-time': '2021-07-26T23:46:06Z', 'timestamp': 1627343166000}, 'score': 1, 'resource': {'primary': {'URL': 'https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10067-020-05301-2'}}, 'subtitle': [], 'short-title': [], 'issued': {'date-parts': [[2020, 7, 27]]}, 'references-count': 14, 'journal-issue': {'issue': '9', 'published-print': {'date-parts': [[2020, 9]]}}, 'alternative-id': ['5301'], 'URL': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10067-020-05301-2', 'relation': {}, 'ISSN': ['0770-3198', '1434-9949'], 'subject': ['General Medicine', 'Rheumatology'], 'container-title-short': 'Clin Rheumatol', 'published': {'date-parts': [[2020, 7, 27]]}, 'assertion': [ { 'value': '4 June 2020', 'order': 1, 'name': 'received', 'label': 'Received', 'group': {'name': 'ArticleHistory', 'label': 'Article History'}}, { 'value': '14 July 2020', 'order': 2, 'name': 'revised', 'label': 'Revised', 'group': {'name': 'ArticleHistory', 'label': 'Article History'}}, { 'value': '17 July 2020', 'order': 3, 'name': 'accepted', 'label': 'Accepted', 'group': {'name': 'ArticleHistory', 'label': 'Article History'}}, { 'value': '27 July 2020', 'order': 4, 'name': 'first_online', 'label': 'First Online', 'group': {'name': 'ArticleHistory', 'label': 'Article History'}}, { 'order': 1, 'name': 'Ethics', 'group': {'name': 'EthicsHeading', 'label': 'Compliance with ethical standards'}}, { 'value': 'None.', 'order': 2, 'name': 'Ethics', 'group': {'name': 'EthicsHeading', 'label': 'Disclosures'}}, { 'value': 'This content has been made available to all.', 'name': 'free', 'label': 'Free to read'}]}
Late treatment
is less effective
Please send us corrections, updates, or comments. c19early involves the extraction of 100,000+ datapoints from thousands of papers. Community updates help ensure high accuracy. Treatments and other interventions are complementary. All practical, effective, and safe means should be used based on risk/benefit analysis. No treatment or intervention is 100% available and effective for all current and future variants. We do not provide medical advice. Before taking any medication, consult a qualified physician who can provide personalized advice and details of risks and benefits based on your medical history and situation. FLCCC and WCH provide treatment protocols.
  or use drag and drop   
Submit