Clinical characteristics and risk factors for mortality of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in a community hospital: A retrospective cohort study
Rodriguez-Nava et al., Mayo Clinic Proceedings: Innovations, Quality & Outcomes
Rodriguez-Nava et al., Clinical characteristics and risk factors for mortality of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in a community.., Mayo Clinic Proceedings: Innovations, Quality & Outcomes
Retrospective 313 patients, mostly critical stage and mostly requiring respiratory support, showing unadjusted RR 1.06, p = 0.77. Confounding by indication likely.
This study is excluded in the after exclusion results of meta
analysis:
substantial unadjusted confounding by indication likely; excessive unadjusted differences between groups; unadjusted results with no group details.
Abstract: ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors for
Death of Hospitalized Patients With COVID19 in a Community Hospital: A Retrospective
Cohort Study
Guillermo Rodriguez-Nava, MD; Maria Adriana Yanez-Bello, MD;
Daniela Patricia Trelles-Garcia, MD; Chul Won Chung, MD; Sana Chaudry, MD;
Aimen S. Khan, MD; Harvey J. Friedman, MD, FACP; and David W. Hines, MD
Abstract
Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics, outcomes, and risk factors for death of patients with
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a community hospital setting.
Patients and Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study included 313 adult patients with
laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 admitted to a community hospital in Cook County, Illinois, from March 1,
2020, to May 25, 2020. Demographics, medical history, underlying comorbidities, symptoms, signs, laboratory
findings, imaging studies, management, and progression to discharge or death data were collected and analyzed.
Results: Of 313 patients, the median age was 68 years (interquartile range, 59.0-78.5 years; range, 19-98
years), 182 (58.1%) were male, 119 (38%) were white, and 194 (62%) were admitted from a long-term care
facility (LTCF). As of May 25, 2020, there were 212 (67.7%) survivors identified, whereas 101 (32.3%)
nonsurvivors were identified. Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed increasing hazards of inpatient
death associated with older age (hazard ratio [HR] 1.02; 95% CI, 1.01-1.04), LTCF residence (HR, 3.23; 95%
CI, 1.68-6.20), and quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores (HR, 2.59; 95% CI, 1.78-3.76).
Conclusion: In this single-center retrospective cohort study of 313 adult patients hospitalized with
COVID-19 illness in a community hospital in Cook County, Illinois, older patients, LTCF residents, and
patients with high quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores were found to have worse clinical
outcomes and increased risk of death.
ª 2020 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND
license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) n Mayo Clin Proc Inn Qual Out 2021;5(1):1-10
O
n December 31, 2019, the World
Health Organization received a
report of a cluster of cases of pneumonia of unknown etiology detected in
Wuhan City, Hubei Province of China.1 The
pathogen was identified as a novel enveloped
RNA betacoronavirus, different from both
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus
and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, later designated severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2.2 The disease that it
causes was later named coronavirus disease
2019 (COVID-19).3 This new disease rapidly
spread globally, prompting the World Health
Organization to declare it a pandemic on
March 11, 2020. The United States has been,
to date, the country with the highest incidence
of the disease. As of June 2, 2020, there had
been a total of 1,802,470 cases reported in
the United States; in Cook County, Illinois,
there had been 78,495 confirmed cases.4,5
After the emergence of this novel pathogen, several cohort and case series studies
have described COVID-19 in populations
overseas and large US academic centers.6-17
Ecologic studies have found significant differences within the US territory regarding mortality patterns as a function of geographic
location and population composition.18 Also,
detailed data on demographic characteristics,
comorbidities, risk factors, and..
Late treatment is less effective
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