Abstract: Published OnlineFirst July 22, 2020; DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-20-0941 Research Article Utilization of COVID-19 Treatments and Clinical Outcomes among Patients with Cancer: A COVID-19 and Cancer Consortium (CCC19) Cohort Study Donna R. Rivera1, Solange Peters2, Orestis A. Panagiotou3, Dimpy P. Shah4, Nicole M. Kuderer5, Chih-Yuan Hsu6, Samuel M. Rubinstein7, Brendan J. Lee7, Toni K. Choueiri8, Gilberto de Lima Lopes Jr.9, Petros Grivas10,11, Corrie A. Painter12, Brian I. Rini7, Michael A. Thompson13, Jonathan Arcobello14, Ziad Bakouny8, Deborah B. Doroshow15,16, Pamela C. Egan17, Dimitrios Farmakiotis18, Leslie A. Fecher19, Christopher R. Friese20, Matthew D. Galsky15,16, Sanjay Goel21, Shilpa Gupta22, Thorvardur R. Halfdanarson23, Balazs Halmos21, Jessica E. Hawley24, Ali Raza Khaki10, Christopher A. Lemmon22, Sanjay Mishra25, Adam J. Olszewski17, Nathan A. Pennell22, Matthew M. Puc26, Sanjay G. Revankar14, Lidia Schapira27, Andrew Schmidt8, Gary K. Schwartz24, Sumit A. Shah27, Julie T. Wu27, Zhuoer Xie23, Albert C. Yeh10, Huili Zhu15, Yu Shyr6, Gary H. Lyman11, and Jeremy L. Warner7,28 on behalf of the COVID-19 and Cancer Consortium Cancer Research. Published OnlineFirst July 22, 2020; DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-20-0941 Among 2,186 U.S. adults with invasive cancer and laboratory-confirmed SARSCoV-2 infection, we examined the association of COVID-19 treatments with 30-day all-cause mortality and factors associated with treatment. Logistic regression with multiple adjustments (e.g., comorbidities, cancer status, baseline COVID-19 severity) was performed. Hydroxychloroquine with any other drug was associated with increased mortality versus treatment with any COVID-19 treatment other than hydroxychloroquine or untreated controls; this association was not present with hydroxychloroquine alone. Remdesivir had numerically reduced mortality versus untreated controls that did not reach statistical significance. Baseline COVID-19 severity was strongly associated with receipt of any treatment. Black patients were approximately half as likely to receive remdesivir as white patients. Although observational studies can be limited by potential unmeasured confounding, our findings add to the emerging understanding of patterns of care for patients with cancer and COVID-19 and support evaluation of emerging treatments through inclusive prospective controlled trials. aBstRact SIGnIfICAnCE: Evaluating the potential role of COVID-19 treatments in patients with cancer in a large observational study, there was no statistically significant 30-day all-cause mortality benefit with hydroxychloroquine or high-dose corticosteroids alone or in combination; remdesivir showed potential benefit. Treatment receipt reflects clinical decision-making and suggests disparities in medication access.