Compassionate use of hydroxychloroquine in clinical practice for patients with mild to severe Covid-19 in a French university hospital
Paccoud et al.,
Compassionate use of hydroxychloroquine in clinical practice for patients with mild to severe Covid-19 in a..,
Clinical Infectious Diseases, doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa791
Retrospective of 89 hospitalized patients, survival HR 0.89 [0.23-3.47], not statistically significant. Authors note that unmeasured confounders may have persisted and the study may be underpowered.
risk of death, 11.0% lower, HR 0.89, p = 0.88, treatment 21 of 38 (55.3%), control 26 of 46 (56.5%), NNT 79, adjusted per study.
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Paccoud et al., 18 Jun 2020, retrospective, France, peer-reviewed, 20 authors.
Abstract: Clinical Infectious Diseases
MAJOR ARTICLE
Compassionate Use of Hydroxychloroquine in Clinical
Practice for Patients With Mild to Severe COVID-19 in a
French University Hospital
Olivier Paccoud,1 Florence Tubach,2 Amandine Baptiste,2 Alexandre Bleibtreu,1 David Hajage,2 Gentiane Monsel,1 Gianpiero Tebano,1
David Boutolleau,3,4 Elise Klement,1 Nagisa Godefroy,1 Romain Palich,1 Oula Itani,1 Antoine Faiçal,1 Marc-Antoine Valantin,1 Roland Tubiana,1
Sonia Burrel,3,4 Vincent Calvez,3,4 Eric Caumes,1,4 Anne-Geneviève Marcelin,3,4 and Valérie Pourcher1,4,
1
Background. Data from nonrandomized studies have suggested that hydroxychloroquine could be an effective therapeutic
agent against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Methods. We conducted an observational, retrospective cohort study involving hospitalized adult patients with confirmed, mild to severe COVID-19 in a French university hospital. Patients who received hydroxychloroquine (200 mg 3 times daily dosage for 10 days) on a
compassionate basis in addition to standard of care (SOC) were compared with patients without contraindications to hydroxychloroquine
who received SOC alone. A propensity score-weighted analysis was performed to control for confounders: age, sex, time between symptom
onset and admission ≤ 7 days, Charlson comorbidity index, medical history of arterial hypertension, obesity, National Early Warning
Score 2 (NEWS2) score at admission, and pneumonia severity. The primary endpoint was time to unfavorable outcome, defined as: death,
admission to an intensive care unit, or decision to withdraw or withhold life-sustaining treatments, whichever came first.
Results. Data from 89 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 were analyzed, 84 of whom were considered in the primary analysis; 38 patients treated with hydroxychloroquine and 46 patients treated with SOC alone. At admission, the mean age of
patients was 66 years, the median Charlson comorbidity index was 3, and the median NEWS2 severity score was 3. After propensity
score weighting, treatment with hydroxychloroquine was not associated with a significantly reduced risk of unfavorable outcome
(hazard ratio, 0.90 [95% confidence interval, .38–2.1], P = .81). Overall survival was not significantly different between the 2 groups
(hazard ratio, 0.89 [0.23; 3.47], P = 1).
Conclusion. In hospitalized adults with COVID-19, no significant reduction of the risk of unfavorable outcomes was observed with
hydroxychloroquine in comparison to SOC. Unmeasured confounders may have persisted however, despite careful propensity-weighted
analysis and the study might be underpowered. Ongoing controlled trials in patients with varying degrees of initial severity on a larger scale
will help determine whether there is a place for hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of COVID-19. In hospitalized adults with COVID19, no significant reduction of the risk of unfavorable outcomes was observed with hydroxychloroquine in comparison to SOC.
Keywords. COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; hydroxychloroquine.
Since December 2019, a novel coronavirus, designated severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2),
has caused a worldwide outbreak of respiratory illness
known as coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19). The spectrum of COVID-19 ranges from mild illness to severe progressive pneumonia, multiorgan failure, and death [1–4]. In
Received 15 April 2020; editorial decision 8 June 2020; published online 18 June 2020.
Correspondence: V. Pourcher,..
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