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0 0.5 1 1.5 2+ Mortality 60% Improvement Relative Risk HCQ for COVID-19  Assad et al.  LATE TREATMENT Is late treatment with HCQ beneficial for COVID-19? Retrospective 291 patients in Iraq (June - September 2020) Lower mortality with HCQ (p=0.0019) c19hcq.org Assad, H., Current Issues in Pharmacy .., Oct 2022 Favors HCQ Favors control

Pharmacotherapy prescribing pattern and outcome for hospitalized patients with severe and critical COVID-19

Assad, H., Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, doi:10.2478/cipms-2022-0020
Oct 2022  
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HCQ for COVID-19
1st treatment shown to reduce risk in March 2020
 
*, now known with p < 0.00000000001 from 422 studies, recognized in 42 countries.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine complementary and synergistic treatments. * >10% efficacy in meta analysis with ≥3 clinical studies.
4,100+ studies for 60+ treatments. c19hcq.org
Retrospective 346 hospitalized patients in Iraq, showing lower mortality with HCQ in unadjusted results. HCQ results are only provided within the 93% of patients treated with enoxaparin.
This study is excluded in the after exclusion results of meta analysis: unadjusted results with no group details; confounding by time possible, propensity to use HCQ changed significantly during the study period.
risk of death, 59.7% lower, RR 0.40, p = 0.002, treatment 9 of 72 (12.5%), control 68 of 219 (31.1%), NNT 5.4, enoxaparin+HCQ vs. enoxaparin.
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
Assad et al., 21 Oct 2022, retrospective, Iraq, peer-reviewed, 1 author, study period June 2020 - September 2020. Contact: hayderc.allami@uokufa.edu.iq.
This PaperHCQAll
Pharmacotherapy prescribing pattern and outcome for hospitalized patients with severe and critical COVID-19
Hayder Assad
Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, doi:10.2478/cipms-2022-0020
INTRODUCTION Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic disease originating in late 2019 in the People's Republic of China that spread rapidly worldwide [1]. The first reported case in the Najaf governorate, Iraq, was confirmed on February 24, 2020 [2]. As of early June 2021, the global reported cases of COVID-19 have exceeded 170 million with over 3 million deaths [3]. The clinical spectrum of this illness ranges from asymptomatic infection, to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), circulatory shock, multiorgan failure, and ultimately death [4] . The death rate related to COVID-19 is relatively high -ranging from 5% to 35%, especially in elderly patients and those who have comorbidities [5] . Although different treatment strategies have been explored and used based on emergency approval and evidence-based
ORCID iDs Hayder Assad https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3499-3007
References
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Zanasi, Mazzolini, Kantar, A reappraisal of the mucoactive activity and clinical efficacy of bromhexine, Multidiscip Respir Med
Late treatment
is less effective
Please send us corrections, updates, or comments. c19early involves the extraction of 100,000+ datapoints from thousands of papers. Community updates help ensure high accuracy. Treatments and other interventions are complementary. All practical, effective, and safe means should be used based on risk/benefit analysis. No treatment or intervention is 100% available and effective for all current and future variants. We do not provide medical advice. Before taking any medication, consult a qualified physician who can provide personalized advice and details of risks and benefits based on your medical history and situation. FLCCC and WCH provide treatment protocols.
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