Computational characterization of inhaled droplet transport to the nasopharynx

{ 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2024, 6, 11]], 'date-time': '2024-06-11T11:15:13Z', 'timestamp': 1718104513740}, 'reference-count': 85, 'publisher': 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 'issue': '1', 'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2021, 3, 23]], 'date-time': '2021-03-23T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1616457600000}, 'content-version': 'tdm', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0'}, { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2021, 3, 23]], 'date-time': '2021-03-23T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1616457600000}, 'content-version': 'vor', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0'}], 'funder': [ { 'DOI': '10.13039/100000001', 'name': 'National Science Foundation', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'award': ['2028069']}, {'name': 'Faculty Start-up Package at South Dakota State University'}], 'content-domain': {'domain': ['link.springer.com'], 'crossmark-restriction': False}, 'abstract': '<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>How human respiratory physiology and the transport ' 'phenomena associated with inhaled airflow in the upper airway proceed to impact transmission ' 'of SARS-CoV-2, leading to the initial infection, stays an open question. An answer can help ' 'determine the susceptibility of an individual on exposure to a COVID-2019 carrier and can ' 'also provide a preliminary projection of the still-unknown infectious dose for the disease. ' 'Computational fluid mechanics enabled tracking of respiratory transport in medical ' 'imaging-based anatomic domains shows that the regional deposition of virus-laden inhaled ' 'droplets at the initial nasopharyngeal infection site peaks for the droplet size range of ' 'approximately 2.5–19 <jats:inline-formula><jats:alternatives><jats:tex-math>$$\\upmu ' '$$</jats:tex-math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">\n' ' <mml:mi>μ</mml:mi>\n' ' </mml:math></jats:alternatives></jats:inline-formula>. Through integrating ' 'the numerical findings on inhaled transmission with sputum assessment data from hospitalized ' 'COVID-19 patients and earlier measurements of ejecta size distribution generated during ' 'regular speech, this study further reveals that the number of virions that may go on to ' 'establish the SARS-CoV-2 infection in a subject could merely be in the order of ' 'hundreds.</jats:p>', 'DOI': '10.1038/s41598-021-85765-7', 'type': 'journal-article', 'created': {'date-parts': [[2021, 3, 23]], 'date-time': '2021-03-23T11:04:44Z', 'timestamp': 1616497484000}, 'update-policy': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy', 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 42, 'title': 'Computational characterization of inhaled droplet transport to the nasopharynx', 'prefix': '10.1038', 'volume': '11', 'author': [{'given': 'Saikat', 'family': 'Basu', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': []}], 'member': '297', 'published-online': {'date-parts': [[2021, 3, 23]]}, 'reference': [ { 'key': '85765_CR1', 'unstructured': 'Johns-Hopkins-University. 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